41. Encephalomyocarditis. Flashcards
1
Q
Encephalomyocarditis: Occurance
A
Worldwide
- Europe
- N. America
- Australia
2
Q
Encephalomyocarditis: Aetiology
A
Encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus
- Picornaviridae family; Cardiovirus genus
- One serotype; Euryxen
- Good resistance
- Remains in the environment for weeks; Maintained by rodents
3
Q
Encephalomyocarditis: Affected species
A
ZOONOTIC DISEASE
- Swine
- Rodents (Asymptomatic)
- Elephant
- Chimpanzee
- Birds
4
Q
Encephalomyocarditis: Transmission
A
- Faeces & urine
- Contaminated feed & water
- From swine → swine
5
Q
Encephalomyocarditis: Mortality in pigs
A
- Newborns: 25-50
- Fatteners: 5-25%
6
Q
Encephalomyocarditis: Pathogenesis
A
PO/Aerosol infection → Replicate in tonsils → Viraemia →
- Heart; S. intestine; Liver; Kidney; Spleen; Lungs
- CNS: Encephalomyelitis
- Foetus
→ Immune response
7
Q
Encephalomyocarditis: CSx (Pigs)
A
All age groups
- Heart Failure; Fever; Anorexia; Depression; Trembling
- Shaking; Paralysis; Ataxia; Spasm
- Dyspnoea; Sudden death (Seen moreso in fatteners)
- Sow: Reproduction problems; Abortion; Stillbirth
8
Q
Encephalomyocarditis: CSx (Species other than pigs)
A
- Dyspnoea
- Sudden death
9
Q
Encephalomyocarditis: Pathology
A
Acute myocarditis → Cause of death
- Epicardial haemorrhage
- Heart: Enlarged; Soft; Pale
- Hydropericardium; Hydrothorax; Pulm. oedema
- Brain: Congestion
Foetus: Oedema; Haemorrhage
10
Q
Encephalomyocarditis: Histopathology
A
- Lympho-histiocytic myocarditis
- Non-purulent encephalitis
11
Q
Encephalomyocarditis: Dx
A
Epidemiology; CSx; Pathology; Histopathology
- Direct: PCR; IF; IP; ELISA
- Indirect: ELISA; VN; HAI
12
Q
Encephalomyocarditis: Prevention
A
- Rodent control
- Seroconversion & rest
- (Inactivated vaccines)
13
Q
Encephalomyocarditis: Public Health
A
- Source of infection: Rodents & Swine
- Myocardial necrosis; Damage to coronary vessels
- CSx: Rare (fever; depression; dyspnoea)
