Structure and function of cells and tissues

Question 1

What are the three main structures of cells?

Answer 1

cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus

Question 2

What are the structures within the cytoplasm collectively known as?

Answer 2

organelles

Question 3

What is the cell membrane?

Answer 3

The outer surrounding membrane which forms the barrier. It is semi permeable allowing some nutrients in and waste out.

Question 4

What is the nucleus?

Answer 4

Largest of the cell structure, responsible for all cell activities, contains DNA

Question 5

What is cytoplasm?

Answer 5

The liquid in the cell

Question 6

What is mytochondria?

Answer 6

Rod shaped structures that contain the enzymes to breakdown glucose to form energy. The powerhouse.

Question 7

What are ribosomes?

Answer 7

Contain ribnucleic acid. Manufacture enzymes and proteins for the cells and also to export to other parts of the body.

Question 8

What is endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 8

A network within the cell that provides support.and channels the transportation of substances through the cell.

Question 9

What is golgi apparatus?

Answer 9

Contains collagen, protein, enzymes, lipids and mucus.

Question 10

What are lysosomes?

Answer 10

Powerful enzymes that breakdown bacteria and destroy damaged cell tissue.

Question 11

What is tissue?

Answer 11

A group of cells that performs a certain function in the body.

Question 12

What are the four basic types of tissue?

Answer 12

Epithelial, Muscle, Nervous and Connective

Question 13

Where do you find epithelial tissue?

Answer 13

Covers the outer body surfaces, Surfaces of internal organs, forms glands and line internal body cavities.

Question 14

What is the function of epithelial tissue?

Answer 14

Movement of materials in/out or around the body, protection and secretion.

Question 15

What is the function of connective tissue?

Answer 15

Connects, fills in space, supports and binds all other types of tissue.

Question 16

What do you find inside connective tissue?

Answer 16

living cells, the matrix, collagen and elastin fibres.

Question 17

What are the five types of connective tissue?

Answer 17

Loose (areolar), adipose, dense connective, cartilage and bone.

Question 18

What are the three types of muscle tissue?

Answer 18

Voluntary (skeletal), involuntary (cardiac) or smooth

Question 19

Location, function and facts re voluntary muscle tissue.

Answer 19

Attached to skeleton, controlled voluntarily by brain and nervous system. Visible stripes (striated), power to perform a great deal of work tires easily.

Question 20

Location, function and facts re cardiac muscle tissue.

Answer 20

only found in walls of heart, striated short muscle fibres. Regulated by nervous system and adrenalin.

Question 21

Location, function and facts re smooth muscle tissue.

Answer 21

Found in food canal, blood vessels and urinary system. Regulated by automatic nervous system and adrenalin. Does not tire easily.

Question 22

What is nervous tissue?

Answer 22

Consists of nerve cells called neurones, transmits messages (nerve impulses) messages pass from inside/outside the body to the tissues within the body

Question 23

What does each neuron contain?

Answer 23

A cell body, dendrites (several short projections that receive information from other cells and transmit this info to the cell body and an axon (a long projection that transmits messages away from the cell body, insulated by a myelin sheath to prevent against loss of electrical impulse which increases the speed at which the impulse is conducted.