Neutralisation reactions Flashcards
What is the definition for a neutralisation reaction?
Neutralisation is the reaction of an acid with a base producing water as one of the products.
What happens when the hydrogen ion of the acid react with hydroxide ions in a neutralisation reaction?
The hydrogen ions of the acid react with hydroxide ions to form water.
When the hydrogen ion of the acid is replaced by the positive ion of the base what does it form in a neutralisation reaction?
The hydrogen ion of the acid is replaced by the positive ion of the base to form a salt.
What is a base?
Bases are substances that can neutralise acids. Metal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal carbonates and ammonia are called bases.
What salt forms hydrochloric acid?
Chlorides form from hydrochloric acid.
What salt forms from nitric acid?
Nitrates form from nitric acid.
What salts from from sulfuric acid?
Sulfates from sulfuric acid.
What are the products for the key reaction of neutralisation with the reactants: a metal oxide + an acid ?
a metal oxide + an acid -> a salt + water
e.g. Magnesium oxide + hydrochloric acid->magnesium chloride + water.
What are the products for the key reaction of neutralisation with the reactants: a metal hydroxide + an acid ?
A metal hydroxide + an acid -> a salt + water.
e.g. potassium hydroxide + nitric acid -> potassium nitrate + water
What are the products for the key reaction of neutralisation with the reactants: a metal carbonate + an acid ?
A metal carbonate + an acid -> a salt + water + carbon dioxide.
e.g. Sodium carbonate + sulfuric acid -> sodium sulfate + water + carbon dioxide.
What happens when an acid is neutralised by an alkali?
When an acid is neutralised by an alkali, the H+ ions of the acid are neutralised by the OH- ions to form water.
