Chemical analysis Flashcards
what is filtration?
Filtration is used to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid.
What is precipitation?
Precipitation is the reaction of two solutions to form an insoluble salt called a precipitate.
You can recognise a precipitate from the state symbols in a balanced formula equation.
Precipitation can be used to prepare an insoluble salt.
What is the test for oxygen?
The test for oxygen gas is that it relights a glowing splint.
What is the test for hydrogen gas?
The test for hydrogen gas is that it makes a pop with a lighted splint.
What is the test for carbon dioxide?
The test for carbon dioxide gas is that it turns limewater from clear to cloudy.
How can insoluble or slightly soluble gases be collected?
Insoluble or slightly soluble gases like carbon dioxide, hydrogen and oxygen are collected by downward displacement of water.
How can gases that are denser than air be collected?
Gases that are denser than air, like chlorine and hydrogen chloride (both of which are very soluble in water), are collected by downward delivery. Sometimes a cold water bath is placed around the collection vessel to ensure that the gas does not escape.
How can gases that are soluble in water and less dense than air be collected?
Gases that are soluble in water and less dense than air are collected by upward delivery.
Ammonia gas is collected in this way.
What is a solute?
The substance that is dissolved in a solution.
What is a solution?
The product of dissolving a solute in a solvent.
What is a solvent?
The substance in which a solute is dissolved to make a solution.
