Biopsychology- The Brain

Question 1

fMRI scan

Answer 1

.While doing a task
.Locates Oxygenated blood
+Non invasive -poor temporal res

Question 2

EEG scan

Answer 2

.Brain cap
.Electrodes 
.Detects electrical activity
\+non-invasive +Good temporal res
-Poor spatial res

Question 3

ERP scan

Answer 3

.EEG when performing task

+can tell more about causation as it creates stimulus

Question 4

Post-Mortem

Answer 4

.After death, brain is cut up, specific parts examined
\+non-invasive as person is dead
\+provides very detailed examination
\+Amazing spatial resolution
-Does not show active brain

Question 5

which Cortex is in the frontal lobe?

Answer 5

Motor Cortex

Question 6

which cortex is in the Parietal lobe

Answer 6

Sensory Cortex

Question 7

which cortex is in the Temporal lobe

Answer 7

Auditory Cortex

Question 8

which cortex is in the Occipital lobe

Answer 8

Visual cortex

Question 9

Where is Broca’s area located?

Answer 9

In Frontal lobe, bordering the parietal lobe

Question 10

Where is Wernickes area located?

Answer 10

Temporal lobe

Question 11

Role of Wernicke’s area

Answer 11

language comprehension

Question 12

Role of Broca’s area

Answer 12

Speech production

Question 13

What is the localisation of Function theory

Answer 13

Overall, the localisation of function theory argues that different parts of the brain have different functions

Question 14

What is the Lateralisation of Function theory?

Answer 14

The Idea that two halves of the brain are functionally different

Question 15

Sample of Sperrys split Brain research

Answer 15

-Investigated 11severe epileptic participants who had undergone commissurotomy
(corpus collosum cut down middle + two hemispheres separated). Communication between hemispheres removed

Question 16

procedure of Sperry’s splt Brain research

‘Describe what you see’

Answer 16

Image or word presented on either the Left visual field (processed by the right hemisphere) or on the Right Visual field.
Because participants had ‘split Brains’ , the information could not be shared to either hemisphere.

Question 17

Findings of Sperrys split Brain research

+ Conclusion

Describe what you see

Answer 17

‘Describe what you see’

If object shown to Right visiual field, could easily describe what they’d seen.
-If same object shown on Left visiual field, could not describe what they’d seen.

Concluded that the inability to describe the object wwhen displayed in left visual field (processed by right hemisphere) was due to a lack of languages centers in right Hemisphere

Question 18

What is the function of the Right Hemisphere in lateralisation of function?

Answer 18

Spatial awareness

Question 19

What is the function of the Left Hemisphere in lateralisation of function?

Answer 19

Language

Question 20

What is the theory of Neuroplasticity?

Answer 20

The brain is ‘plastic’

-has the ability to change through life

Question 21

What did Maguire et Al (2000) research?

What did they find?

(neuroplasticity)

Answer 21

Interested in London Taxi drivers’ brain and how their brain changed because of their jobs.

As part of their training, London Taxi Drivers had to complete a test assessing their recall of possible city routes.

Found There was more gray area within the hippocampus of the brain which facilities spatial memory

also Found the longer they were in the job, the more profound the differences were

Question 22

Who did Draganski research within neuroplasticity?

What did they find?

(neuroplasticity)

Answer 22

Studied the brains of Medical students 3 months after and before exams

Learning resulted in changes in the hippocampus and parietal lobe

Question 23

What is axonal sprouting?

Answer 23

A form of plasticity in which axons grow nerve endings to reconnect with neurons. Forming new neural pathways to spread Information

Question 24

homologous area adaptation

Answer 24

Suggests even if one Hemisphere is damaged, the intact Hemisphere can sometimes take over some functions of the damaged area

Question 25

What is reformation of blood vessels

Answer 25

When damaged in the brain, the blood vessels reform

Question 26

What procedure had sperrys patients had?

Answer 26

commissurotomy

Question 27

Sperry’s findings of recognition by touch

Answer 27

p.p could not attach verbal labels to objects shown in LVF,
they could slect a matching object by touch using hteir left hand

Question 28

Sperry’s findings of Composite words

Answer 28

if two words presented on either visual field simultaneously, e.g ‘key’ in LVF and ‘ring in RVF. Indiv would select key object with left hand and say ring

Question 29

Sperry’s findings of Matching faces

Answer 29

Right hemisphere dominant in terms of recognizing and then recalling faces

When composite pictures of two faces, half in each visual field, the picture shown in the right visual field was described whereas the picture in the left visual field was selected/matched