Choices in the semantic representation of sentences Flashcards
factual, neutral and hypothetical representation in dependent clause
factual meaning - assumes the truth of the statement in the dependent clause, introduce by factual verbs - admit, announce, confess, explain - She announce that they had adopted the new tax
neutrality - neutral with regard to the truth or falsehood of the message in the dependent clause - introduced by verbs such as doubt, think, say or wonder
He asked me whether she could attend the meeting
hypothetical meaning - assumes the falsehood of what the dependent clause states, introduced by verbs as wish, supposes, would like
Had I had car I would drive you insane
subjective objective representation
- objective - the information is presented as a fact - It is autumn an the weather is nice
- subjective - the information is presented form the sender’s point of view
- evaluative expressions - fronted adverbials - hopefully, curiously, regrettably, unfortunately
- modal expression
- epistemic - degree of deduced certainty - he must be quite busy
- deontic - expresses control over the event or action - dogs must be at home
- emotional expressions - WOW, this is nice
general vs restricted validity
general - information is presented as valid for everyone and at all times - One never knows, The pen is mightier than the sword
restricted - introduces a specific point of view of representation
To my mind, you look good
static vs dynamic representation
static - state without indication of change - The weather is awful
dynamic - the action is interpreted dynamically
My mood is getting better, You are being silly
direct vs indirect speech
direct speech representation - quoting exactly the words
- reported clause is typically enclosed in quotation marks
- the reporting clause, if present may be positioned initially medial or finally
“Robert is not coming, “ Peter said
Peter said, “Robert is not coming”
indirect - conveys a report of what has been written or said which laters the original wording
