information processing Flashcards

1
Q

information processing

information units

A

discourse is made up of a sequence of information units

in spoken discourse information units typically coincide with tone units - Well, let me tell you, maybe, I wasn’t the best friend

in written discourse, information units often correspond to grammatical units and are marked by punctioatoon - While waiting for the bus, he realized that he had forgotten his luggage

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2
Q

communicative dynamism

A

variation in the communicative value of the different parts of an information unit

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3
Q

distribution of communicative dynamism

A

unmarked - linear progression from low information at the beginning to the high information at the end of the information

principle of end-focus - items carrying high communicative dynamism are placed in final position

end weight - long weighty elements are at the end

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4
Q

theme and focus

A

theme - the initial part of the structure which may be regarded as the point of reference

topical
textual
interpersonal

focus/rheme - the part which carries the highest communicative dynamism and is highlighted by the sender

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5
Q

types of theme

A

topical

  • to set a scene for what follows
    1. nominal elements - nouns and pronouns which are usually participants - names, he, she they
    2. complex non-finite clauses -Me being late she was furious
    3. adverbials and prepositional phrases - secretly
    4. clauses - After the lunch ….
textual theme 
- element of cohesion
-linking the text
-frequently conjunctions or conjuncts 
- followed by topical theme 
additionally, further more, in order to 

interpersonal
- relationships between speakers
perhaps, unfortunately, John (in vocative)

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6
Q

Quirk & Greenbaum

A

theme - the first element of a clause, typically subject

focus - end item

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7
Q

Firbas

A

nucleus - rheme - jádro the basis, what pushes

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