1.1. (8/26) Ecology, species, Categorization Flashcards
(50 cards)
sample mean
add values divide by total number of values
sample variance
n/n-1 times [(square each value and add them together/n) - sample mean)]
What are the unique processes that are examined when taking the individual approach to studying ecology?
What are the unique processes that are examined when taking the population approach to studying ecology?
What are the unique processes that are examined when taking the community approach to studying ecology?
What are the unique processes that are examined when taking the ecosystem approach to studying ecology?
What is unique about water with regard to how temperature affects its density?
Describe how ecological systems are governed by physical and biological principles.
energy moves and is recycled, dynamic steady states
What does it mean when we say that ecological systems are in a dynamic steady state?
What are the three conditions required for evolution by natural selection to occur?
what does ecology mean?
-the study of one’s surroundings
- the study of the interactions of organisms and their environment
- the study of the distribution and abundance of organisms and the interactions that determine them
- the movement of energy through and cycle of matter within a system (system approach)
How is environment defined?
physical, chemical, temperature, light, nutrient availability, biotic, predation, disease, competition
What kinds of questions are asked to determine distribution and abundance?
How are organisms distributed across the landscape? why does one species live in this place and not another? What process controls where we find things?
what does ecology cover?
- descriptions of structure: any observable pattern
- functional understanding of the world around us: processes that underly observable structure
- evolutionary understanding of function and structure: WHY these patterns and emergence
- apply knowledge to resource management and conservation: document, explain, manage, design, predict systems
What is life?
- Homeostasis
- response to stimuli
- ability to reproduce
- requires energy
- passing on genetic code
- evolution by natural selection
- take in energy
- get rid of waste
- grow and develop
- respond and evolve to environment
What is homeostasis?
natural state, equilibrium
What are the cell differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
- Prokaryotes: no nucleus for DNA. no specialized internal structures
- differences in cell wall
- Eukaryotes: nucleus, specialized internal structures
What are the two kinds of prokaryotes?
Bacteria and Archaea (genetically and molecularly different)
What are the characteristics of bacteria?
- single-celled without nucleus
Domains
- highest level of life classification
- three groups: Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya
Archaea
single-celled, extreme environments
Eukarya
nucleus
Why are prokaryotes important ecologically?
- shape, structure, and change how an ecosystem works
- diverse
- biochemical specialists
What are the kingdoms under eukaryotes?
- protists
- red algae
- green algae
- plants
- fungi
- animals
