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BIOSCI 107 > 11 Body systems > Flashcards

11 Body systems Flashcards

Components + Functions (90 cards)

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1
Q

MURDERS LINC

A

Muscular, Urinary, Respiratory, Digestive, Endocrine, Reproductive, Skeletal, Lymphatic (+ immune), Integumentary, Nervous, Cardiovascular

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2
Q

Components of the Muscular system

A

skeletal muscles, axial muscles, appendicular muscles, tendons, aponeuroses

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3
Q

Skeletal muscles

A

movement/support, protect soft tissues, controls entries and exits of the body (respiratory, digestive and urinary)

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4
Q

Axial muscles

A

support + positioning of the axial skeleton

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4
Q

Appendicular muscles

A

support + move limbs

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4
Q

tendons

A

connection muscle to bone

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5
Q

aponeuroses

A

connection muscle to muscle

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5
Q

Components of Urinary system

A

kidneys, ureters, bladders, urethra

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6
Q

kidneys (urinary system)

A

produce urine (remove liquid waste - urine), regulation of blood pressure + pH + ions, assist in red blood cells production

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7
Q

ureters (urinary)

A

conducts urine to bladder

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8
Q

bladder

A

stores urine before elimination

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9
Q

urethra (urinary system)

A

conducts urine to exterior

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10
Q

Components of Respiratory

A

nasal cavity + paranasal sinuses, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, diaphragm

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11
Q

nasal cavity + paranasal sinuses

A

filter/warm/humidify air + smelling

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12
Q

pharynx (respiratory system)

A

conducts air to the larynx

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13
Q

larynx

A

protects opening to trachea, contains vocal cords

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14
Q

trachea

A

conducts air

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15
Q

bronchi

A

conducts air between trachea and lungs

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16
Q

lungs

A

air movement, gas exchange of oxygen and CO2 in alveoli, acid + base control

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17
Q

diaphragm

A

muscle for air movement

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18
Q

Components of Digestive System

A

oral cavity, salivary glands, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, large intestine

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19
Q

oral cavity

A

breaks down food

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20
Q

salivary glands

A

enzymes = begins digestion

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21
Q

pharynx (digestive system)

A

conducts solid food + liquid to oesophagus

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22
oesophagus
deliver food to stomach
23
stomach
secretes acid (breaks down food), pepsin enzyme (digest proteins), hormone gastrin (increase stomach mobility)
24
small intestine
digestive enzymes (breaks into smaller molecules), absorbs nutrients
25
liver
secretes bile (aids digestion), regulates nutrients in blood
26
gallbladder
stores bile
27
pancreas (digestive system)
digestive enzymes (digest proteins), endocrine cells (make hormone insulin to control blood sugar levels)
28
large intestine
water removal + waste storage and removal
29
Components of Endocrine system
pineal gland, hypothalamus, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, thymus, adrenal glands, kidneys, pancreas, gonads
30
pineal gland
controls day/night rhythms (body rhythms) - Melatonin
31
hypothalamus
secretes hormones and regulates growth
32
thyroid glands
have hormones thyroxine = regulates body's metabolic rate
33
parathyroid gland
regulation of Ca levels in blood
34
thymus
production + maturation of immune cells
35
adrenal glands
hormones = regulate metabolism/immune system/blood pressure and response to stress
36
kidneys (endocrine system)
red blood cells production, rise in blood pressure
37
pancreas (endocrine system)
glucose control
38
gonads
sexual hormones + reproduction
39
Components of Reproductive system (Male)
testes, accessory organs (epididymis, ductus deferens, seminal glands, prostate glands, urethra), external genitalia/penis/scrotum
40
testes
produce testosterone (deep voice, muscles development + grow body hair) and making sperms
41
epididymis
sperm maturation
42
ductus deferens
receives sperm from epididymis + transport sperm to urethra
43
seminal glands
produces seminal fluid to make up the semen
44
prostate glands
produces seminal fluid to transport sperm
45
urethra (reproductive system)
sperm release
46
Components of Reproductive system (Female)
ovaries, ulterine tubes, uterus, vagina + external genitalia, mammary glands
47
ovaries
producing hormones (estrogen + progesterone) and produces eggs for fertilisation
48
ulterine tubes
location of fertilisation and delivering oocytes
49
uterus
embryonic development
50
vagina + external genitalia
receiving sperm + birth delivery
51
mammary glands (reproductive)
nutrients for newborn
52
Components of Skeletal system
bones/joints/cartilages, axial skeleton, appendicular skeleton, bone, bone marrow (red vs. yellow)
53
bones + joints + cartilages
structure and support
54
axial skeleton
support and protects brain, spinal cord and other organs + stability for the appendicular skeleton
55
appendicular skeleton
internal support + positioning of limbs (enables muscles to move the axial skeleton)
56
bone
stores minerals
57
bone marrow (red)
contains blood stem cells = RBC production
58
bone marrow (yellow)
contains fat cells
59
Components of the Lymphatic system
lymphatic vessels, lymphatic fluids, B & T cells, lymph nodes, spleen, thymus
60
lymphatic vessels
carry lymph fluid (water + protein) and lymphocytes to CV system
61
lymphatic fluids
contains lipids (fats + fatty acids) from gut and fluid from tissues
62
B & T cells
immune responses B = creates antibodies T = destroys cancerous and infected cells
63
lymph nodes
filter out harmful substance and waste products contains lymphocytes = stimulate immune responses
64
spleen
recycle RBC, controls RBC circulation, fights invading germs in blood
65
thymus (lymphatic + immune system)
production + maturation of T cells lymphocytes (immune cells)
66
Components of Integumentary system
epidermis, dermis (hair follicles, hair, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, nails, sensory receptors), hypodermis
67
epidermis
protective layer + Vitamin D production
68
dermis
middle layers (inner) + supporting epidermis
69
hair follicles
grow hair
70
hair
protection
71
sebaceous glands
producing sebum to lubricates hair shaft and epidermis
72
sweat glands
thermoregulation - evaporative cooling
73
nails
protecting digits (toes + nails)
74
sensory receptors
detects sensation (temperature, pain, touch, pressure, etc. )
75
hypodermis
bottom layer + stores fats/energy
76
Components of Nervous system
CNS (brain + spinal cord), PNS
77
central nervous system (CNS)
receiving, processing and responding to sensory information
78
brain
thoughts + decisions, movements, balance + coordination - complex integrative activities - controls voluntary and involuntary activities
79
spinal cord
relays info to and from the brain - less complex integrative activities
80
peripheral nervous system (PNS)
links CNS to other systems and sensory organs - relaying infos to the brain and carrying out commands from the brain to various body parts
81
Components of Cardiovascular system
heart, blood vessels (arteries, capillaries, veins), blood
82
heart
pump blood + oxygen around the body, delivers CO2 to lungs for removal, maintains blood pressure
83
blood vessels
deliver blood to organs and tissues
84
arteries
transport oxygenated blood from heart to capillaries
85
capillaries
transport blood/nutrients/oxygen to organ cells and body systems
86
veins
return deoxygenated blood from capillaries to heart
87
blood
transport oxygen/nutrients (allow body parts to keep working), removing waste (CO2), fights infections (cells + antibodies) and regulating body temperature

BIOSCI 107 (3 decks)

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