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BIOSCI 107 > Connective tissue > Flashcards

Connective tissue Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

Connective tissue (features)

A
  • not found on body surfaces
  • can be highly vascular
  • is supplied by nerves (except cartilage)
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2
Q

Connective tissue (description)

A
  • a major transport system of the body (e.g. blood)
  • a major site of stored energy reserves (e.g. fats and adipose tissue)
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3
Q

Connective tissue (components)

A

extracellular matrix (ECM) and cells

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4
Q

Connective tissue (function)

A

binds, supports and strengths other body tissues

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5
Q

Extracellular matrix - ECM (Components)

A

Ground substances and Protein Fibres

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6
Q

Extracellular matrix - ECM (Structure)

A

largely dictates the connective tissue qualities
- cartilage = ECM is firm and rubbery
- bone = ECM is hard and flexible

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7
Q

Ground substance (components)

A

mixture of water, proteins and polysaccharides (sugars)

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8
Q

Sugars = ___________

A

glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)

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9
Q

Sugars (functions)

A

join/bind with core proteins to form proteoglycans

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10
Q

Sulphated GAGs (4)

A

Dermatan sulphate, Keratan sulphate, Chondroitin sulphate, Heparin sulphate

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11
Q

Dermatan sulphate

A

found in skin, tendons, blood vessels, heart valves

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12
Q

Keratan sulphate

A

found in bone, cartilage, cornea of the eye

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13
Q

Chondroitin sulphate

A

support + provide the adhesive features of cartilage, bone, skin, blood vessels

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14
Q

Non-sulphated GAGs

A

Hyaluronic acid

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15
Q

Hyaluronic acid

A

does not bind directly to protein backbone but is joined to various proteoglycans

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16
Q

Hyaluronic acid (function)

A

binds cells together, lubricates joints and maintains shape of eyeball

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17
Q

Hyalurodinase enzyme (produced by…)

A

white blood cells, sperm and some bacteria

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18
Q

Hyalurodinase enzyme (function)

A
  • catalyse the degradation of hyaluronic acid
  • makes GS more liquid so they can move more easily in it and makes access to the eggs easier for sperm
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19
Q

Types of Protein Fibres (3)

A

Collagen fibres, Reticular fibres, Elastic fibres

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20
Q

Collagen fibres (arrangement)

A

arranged in parallel bundles

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21
Q

Collagen fibres (features)

A

very strong but flexible to resist pulling forces
- preventing the CT from being torn or separated from surrounding tissues

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22
Q

Collagen fibres (location)

A

bone, cartilages, tendons and ligaments

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23
Q

Reticular fibres (components)

A

collagen with coating of glycoprotein - made by fibroblasts

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24
Q

Reticular fibres (function)

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A

strength + support
- form part of the Basement Membrane
- form networks in vessels and through tissues

25
Elastic fibres (description)
fibrous network
26
Elastic fibres (key protein)
elastin surrounded by the glycoprotein fibrillin = more strength and stability
27
Elastic fibres (location)
skin, blood vessels and lungs
28
Types of Connective tissue cells
Fibroblasts vs. adipocytes (fat cells)
29
Fibroblasts (location)
widely distributed in the connective tissue - migratory
30
Fibroblasts (function)
secrete components of the matrix (ground substances and protein fibres)
31
Adipocytes (location)
under skin and around organs
32
Adipocytes (function)
stores fat (triglycerides)
33
Embryonic Connective Tissue (types)
Mesenchyme vs. Mucous
34
Mesenchyme (components)
consists of CT cells (mesenchymal cells) in a seminal fluid ground substance that contains reticular fibres
35
Mesenchyme (function)
gives rise to all other connective tissues
36
Mucous (components)
widely scattered fibroblasts embedded in jelly-like ground substance
37
Mucous (function)
supports the Umbilical cord of the foetus
38
Loose Connective Tissue (types)
Areolar, Adipose, Reticular
39
Areolar Connective Tissue (structure)
3 types of fibres are present (reticular, collagen, elastic)
40
Areolar Connective Tissue (location)
widely distributed around
41
Areolar Connective Tissue (function)
strength, elasticity, support
42
Adipose Connective Tissue (structure)
dominate by adipocytes
43
Adipose Connective Tissue (location)
found with the areolar connective tissue
44
Adipose Connective Tissue (types)
white adipose vs. brown adipose - white = energy storage - brown = heat production
45
Adipose Connective Tissue (function)
insulation, energy source, temperature control
46
Reticular Connective Tissue (structure)
branching + mesh-like appearance due to the reticular fibres crosslinking
47
Reticular Connective Tissue (location)
kidney, spleen, lymph nodes and bone marrow
48
Reticular Connective Tissue (function)
provides structural support for most lymphoid organs - by creating and maintaining the networks of the fibres
49
Dense Connective Tissue (types)
Regular, Irregular, Elastic
50
Dense Regular Connective Tissue (structure)
contained tightly packed bundles of collagen fibres
51
Dense Regular Connective Tissue (location)
tendons, ligaments, aponeuroses
52
Dense Regular Connective Tissue (function)
slow healing and attachment/connection to different organs and muscles
53
Dense Irregular Connective Tissue (structure)
consists mostly of collagen fibres
54
Dense Irregular Connective Tissue (location)
dermis and eyeball's protective white coating layer
55
Dense Irregular Connective Tissue (function)
strength and makes the skin resistant to tearing by stretching forces from different directions
56
Dense Elastic Connective Tissue (structure)
contains elastin fibres in addition to collagen fibres
57
Dense Elastic Connective Tissue (location)
in the walls of blood vessels, in respiratory passageways and surrounding part of the spine
58
Dense Elastic Connective Tissue (function)
allows tissues to regain original shape after stretching

BIOSCI 107 (3 decks)

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