11 - Intergroup Behaviour Flashcards
Intergroup Behaviour?
Behaviour among individuals that is regulated by those individuals’ awareness of and identification with different social groups
Metatheory?
A set of interrelated concepts and principles concerning which theories or types of theory are appropriate
Relative deprivation?
A sense of having less than we feel entitled to - arises from comparisons between our experiences and our expectations
J-Curve?
A graphical figure that captures the way in which relative deprivation arises when attainments suddenly fall short of rising expectations
Two forms of relative deprivation?
- Egoistic - from the individual’s sense of deprivation relative to other similar individuals
- fraternalistic - from comparisons with dissimilar others, or members of other groups (may lead to competitive intergroup behaviour or social protest)
Factors contributing to farternalistic… translating into competitive intergroup behaviour and social protest?
- Strong ingroup identification
- Feasibility of collective action
- Perception of injustice
- Comparison with outgroups
Four steps in social movement participation?
- Becoming part of the mobilisation potential
- Becoming a target of mobilisation attempts
- Developing motivation to participate
- Overcoming barriers to participation
Ethnocentrism?
A key feature of intergroup behaviour, the evaluative preference for all aspects of our own group relative to other groups.
Four phases of Sherif’s experiment?
- Initial friendship
- Group division
- Intergroup competitions
- Superordinate goals
Superordinate goals?
Goals that both groups desire but that can be achieved only by both groups cooperating
Key points from Sherif’s experiments?
- latent ethnocentrism
- emergence of prejudice and discrimination from real intergroup conflict
- absence of authoritarian or dogmatic personalities
- greater aggression from the less-frustrated group
- formation of ingroups despite friendships with outgroup members
- limited impact of simple contact on improving intergroup relations
Realistic conflict theory?
Sherif’s theory of intergroup conflict that explains intergroup behaviour in terms of the nature of goal relations between groups
Competitive integroup behaviour can spontaneously manifest: ?
- Even when groups’ goals are not interdependent
- Despite explicitly non competitive or cooperative intergroup relations
Minimal group paradigm?
Experimental methodology to investigate the effect of social categorisation alone on behaviour
Social categorisation?
Classification of people as members of different social groups. Lays the groundwork for social identity theory
Self categorisation theory?
Turner and associates’ theory of how the process of categorising oneself as a group member produces social identity and group and intergroup behaviours
Social identity?
That part of the self-concept that derives from our membership in social groups
Ingroup favoritism?
Behaviours that favour one’s own group over other groups
Intergroup differentiation?
Behaviour that emphasises differences between one’s own group and other groups
Social mobility belief system?
Belief system that intergroup boundaries are permeable. Thus, it is possible for someone to pass from a lower status into a higher group to improve social identity.
Social change belief system?
Belief that intergroup boundaries are impermeable. Therefore, a lower status individual can improve social identity only by challenging the legitimacy of the higher status group’s position
Cognitive alternatives?
Belief that the status quo is unstable and illegitimate, and that social competition within the dominant group is the appropriate strategy to improve social identity
Social creativity?
Group based behavioural strategies that improve social identity but do not directly attack the dominant group’s position
Social competition?
Group-based behavioural strategy that improve social identity by directly confronting the dominant group’s position in society
