Chapter 18 Relations with indigenous people

Question 1

When was the Anglo-Irish Treaty signed

Answer 1

1921

Question 2

What did the Anglo-Irish Treaty state?

Answer 2

created the Irish Free State as a self governing Dominion,

Question 3

How significant was Eamon de Valera

Answer 3

Key leader in the independence movement, refused to accept the Anglo-Irish Treaty but defeated in 1923, refused to attend the Imperial Conference in 1937, created the Irish republic “Eire”

Question 3

How significant was Eamon de Valera

Answer 3

Key leader in the independence movement, refused to accept the Anglo-Irish Treaty but defeated in 1923, refused to attend the Imperial Conference in 1937, created the Irish republic “Eire”

Question 4

When did Ireland completely separate from the British?

Answer 4

1948 in the Republic of Ireland Act

Question 5

Irelands position during WW2?

Answer 5

adopted a position of neutrality

Question 6

Uprisings in India sparked from outside

Answer 6

1915 Ghadar Conspiracy and the Singapur Mutiny

Question 7

Which Act allowed for political cases to be tried without a jury and provided for the internment of suspects without trial (in India)

Answer 7

1919 Rowlatt Act

Question 8

Effect of the 1919 Government of India Act

Answer 8

failed to satisfy nationalist demands

Question 9

When was the Amritsar Massacre

Answer 9

1919

Question 10

Who commanded the British Troops at the Amritsar Massacre

Answer 10

General Dyer

Question 11

How many people died at the Amritsar Massacre

Answer 11

1000 died and 1500 wounded

Question 12

Reaction on the Amritsar Massacre

Answer 12

Indian National Congress claimed that by shooting into the crowd the British lost any moral authority to rule.
Galvanised Ghandi’s non-cooperation movement

Question 13

Further Incident in 1922 (India, ended the non-cooperation movement)

Answer 13

Chauri Chaura Incident 1922

violence erupted from a large group of non-cooperation demonstrators, police opened fire, Indian National Congress called for an end of the movement after this incident

Question 14

When did the Muslim League emerge

Answer 14

1930’s

Question 15

Effect of the muslim league on the independence movement

Answer 15

new and increasingly militant element

Question 16

Ghandi’s 1942 …….. campaign

Answer 16

Quit India Campaign

Question 17

What did the Stafford Crips from 1942 offer?

Answer 17

Dominion status for India, however let to violence between Hindus and Muslims

Question 18

When did India receive its Independence

Answer 18

1947

Question 19

How many died in the conflict about the partition of India and Pakistan

Answer 19

400.000

Question 20

What was the 1942 Quit India Movement

Answer 20

Civil Disobedience, demanding an orderly British withdrawal, British responded by imprisoning almost the entire INC leadership until 1945,

Question 21

Who was involved in the 1919 revolts against the British in Egypt?

Answer 21

Egyptians and Sudanese after the British exiled Saad Zaghlul and other nationalists leaders

Question 22

How many Egyptians were killed and wounded

Answer 22

800 killed, 1600 wounded

Question 23

Why and when was Egypt granted independence

Answer 23

MIlner Report in 1922

Question 24

Name of an underground Jewish militia in Palestine?

Answer 24

Haganah 1920-48 became the national army of Israel

Question 25

Name of a jewish group of nationalists

Answer 25

Stern Gang (open war on British and Arabs), led to the British withdrawal in 1947 as they were unable to control the situation

Question 26

Colonial Identity

Answer 26

Nationalism sparked in areas which benefitted less from Empire, ultimately western education and way of living created the nationalist sentiments.
HOWEVER strong support and indentification with the Empire in many areas and strong attachment to British Institutions and the crown-evidenced by the support in the World Wars

Question 27

Example for Ghandis peaceful protest in the early period

Answer 27

boycotting the elections in the 1920’s

Question 28

Portrait Jawaharlal Nehru 1889-1964

Answer 28

• westernised
• returned to India in 1912
• joined the INC in 1919
• INC president in 1928
• imprisioned during anti-salt tax campaign
• reelected INC president in 1936
• reluctant support for “Quit India-campaign”
• India’s first Prime Minister

Question 29

Profile Subhas Chandra Bose (1987-1945)

Answer 29

• Indian Congress politician
• President from 1938-1939 (wanted the INC to adapt a more militant line
• allied himself with British enemies in WW2
• formed the Indian National Army in 1943

Question 30

Three Indian nationalist leaders

Answer 30

Nehru, Bose and Jinnah

Question 31

Portrait Muhammad Ali Jinnah (1876-1948)

Answer 31

• member of the Congress Party and Muslim League (1906)
• 1913 leader of muslim league
• 1920 resigned from congress, disagreement about non-violent protest
• rejected the idea of partition until 1940
• 1947 First Governor General of Pakistan

Question 32

Similarities between Nigeria, Gambia, Sierra Leone and the Gold Coast

Answer 32

Had legislative Councils by 1914 but restricted power and no real representation

Question 33

What was founded in 1919 to represent West African interests?

Answer 33

National Congress of West Africa

Question 34

Who dominated the National Congress of West Africa?

Answer 34

The educated elite in the Gold Coast, also supported by black middle class lawyers, teachers, and doctors many of whom were European educated

Question 35

Initial problems with representation in West Africa?

Answer 35

nationalists were outnumbered by appointed(rather than elected) African chiefs from the interior of the colonies on the legislative councils

Question 36

With increasing employment opportunities and spread of education which group emerged in West Africa?

Answer 36

WASU the West African Students Union founded in 1925

Question 37

Two important African nationalist leaders

Answer 37

Azikiwe and Nkrumah

Question 38

When was the Pan African Congress held

Answer 38

in 1945 in Manchester calling for autonomy and independence

Question 39

Influential East African nationalist leader

Answer 39

Thuku, developed East African poltical protest

formed the Young Kikuyu organisation

Question 40

Aims of the Young Kikuyu organisation

Answer 40

recover Kikuyu lands that had been lost when Kenya became a British colony in 1920

Question 41

What else was founded by Thuku

Answer 41

East African Association 1921

Kenya African Study Union 1946 (important role in decolonisation)