11.1 states of matter and kinetic molecular theory Flashcards
(19 cards)
solid properties
definite shape and column
incompressible
does not flow
closely nit particle
liquid properties
takes shape of container
definite volumn
compressible
flow readily
slighly packed particle
gas
takes shae and volumn of container
highly compressible
flows readily
loose and free particles
kinetic molecular theory (borwnian motion)
the randome movement of microscopic particles within liquids or gases
the entities witin all states of matter are..? (3)
constant
random motion
collid w each other
due to collisions of entities (how does this relate to kinetic energy?)
collisions = kinetic energy (the energy of motion)
types of motions depends on the strength of attractive forces
what is translational motion
the movement of an enetity through straigh lines
gases and liquids
what is rotational motion
the spinning of an entity in its place
in gas and liquids (very limited solids)
what is vibrational motion
the back and forth vibration of entities
in all states of matter
what are the 3 types of motion
translation, rotational, vibrational
specficially for gases how do they move (3)
randomly w high energy, bounve off each other when they collid with each other, at high temps have more energy and move rapidly
how does attraction affect motion
strong attraction limits motion
more attraction = more organization within movement
the same applies for the opposite
weak attraction allows for movement but results in less organization
WHY IS ATTRACTION IMPORT
it is the reason why the states of matter act the way they do
ie: weaker forces = further apart, allowing for movement (flow) (makes space for entities to flow past each other)
with greater distance becomes the ability to compress.
what is brownian motion?
the random movement of microscopic particles suspended in a liquid or gas
what is the kinetic molecular theory?
that all substances are composed of entities that are constant, and that are in random motion
what is kinetic energy?
the energy possessed by moving objects
what is temperature?
a measure of the average kinetic energy of the entities of a substamce
STATE OF ATTRACTION FOR EACH STATE OF MATTER
solids (strong attractions (therefore have limited motion to only vibration)
liquids have moderate attraction (therefore exhibit all forms of motion to some extent) (it is less ordered than solids)
gas have no attraction (therefore esxhibit the extreme of all the motions)
more temp = (in terms of kinetic enery?)
more kinetic energy
-> ie heating up solids = rapid bibrations
