Fluids

Question 1

What fluids are used as maintenance?

Answer 1

0.18% NaCl/4% dextrose or 0.45% NaCl or 5% dextrose

Question 2

What rate should water, electrolytes and glucose be replaced?

Answer 2

Water 25-30ml/kg/day
K, Na, Cl 1mmol/kg/day
50-100g/day of glucose

Question 3

What fluids are given for resuscitation purposes?

Answer 3

Crystalloids - 500ml bolus over 15 mins (unless frail, renal impairment then given 250mls or over 30 mins)

Question 4

What is the maximum rate and concentration that potassium can be given IV?

Answer 4

Rate must not exceed 10mmol/hour and concentration must not exceed 40mmol/l

Question 5

What resuscitation fluids are given to children and at what rate?

Answer 5

0.9% NaCl +/- K
or Hartmann’s solution
20ml/kg for children & 10-20ml for neonates

Question 6

What maintenance fluids are given to children and at what rate?

Answer 6

0.9% NaCl or Hartmann’s solution
100ml/kg/day for first 10kg , 50ml/kg/day for next 10kg the 20ml/kg/day after this. E.g. 35kg child would get 1000 + 500 + 300 (15x20) = 1800ml/day