11.14 Lights Flashcards by Dylan Sinclair

What is the main function of aircraft lighting systems?
A) To increase aircraft speed during flight
B) To reduce electrical load on the engines
C) To improve safety by providing illumination for operations and emergencies

C) To improve safety by providing illumination for operations and emergencies

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What causes incandescent lamps to emit light?
A) Chemical reaction in the gas
B) Thermal radiation from a heated metallic filament
C) Ultraviolet excitation of phosphors

B) Thermal radiation from a heated metallic filament

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What unit is used to measure luminous intensity?
A) Lumen
B) Watt
C) Candela

C) Candela

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What does the unit ‘lumen’ measure?
A) Total light emitted by a source per second
B) Resistance of the filament
C) Operating voltage of a bulb

A) Total light emitted by a source per second

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Why are low-voltage lamps preferred in aircraft?
A) They are easier to replace
B) They provide greater light intensity for the same power
C) They consume less electricity

B) They provide greater light intensity for the same power

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What inert gases are used in incandescent lamps to reduce tungsten sublimation?
A) Oxygen and helium
B) Nitrogen and argon
C) Carbon dioxide and neon

B) Nitrogen and argon

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What is a key reason halogen bulbs have longer life than regular incandescent bulbs?
A) They have a larger filament
B) They use chemically active halogen gases to prevent deposits
C) They operate at a lower temperature

B) They use chemically active halogen gases to prevent deposits

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Why must halogen bulbs not be touched by bare hands?
A) They are toxic to skin
B) Skin contact causes electrical short
C) Salts and grease from skin weaken and darken the bulb glass

C) Salts and grease from skin weaken and darken the bulb glass

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What is the flash rate range for aircraft strobe lights used as anti-collision or beacon lights?
A) 10 to 30 cycles per minute
B) 40 to 100 cycles per minute
C) 110 to 150 cycles per minute

B) 40 to 100 cycles per minute

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What causes an LED to emit light?
A) Heat from a tungsten filament
B) Ultraviolet radiation from phosphors
C) Energy release in the form of photons from current through a semiconductor

C) Energy release in the form of photons from current through a semiconductor

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What is a key disadvantage of LEDs in aircraft applications?
A) High power consumption
B) Sensitivity to vibration
C) Reduced service life at temperatures above 80°C

C) Reduced service life at temperatures above 80°C

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Which of the following is NOT a benefit of using LEDs in aircraft?
A) Reduced mass
B) Higher operating temperatures tolerated
C) Lower power consumption

B) Higher operating temperatures tolerated

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What are the two main categories of aircraft lighting?
A) Manual and Automatic
B) External and Internal
C) Cabin and Cockpit

B) External and Internal

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Why have many aircraft lighting systems moved to LED lighting?
A) It increases voltage
B) It improves airflow
C) It reduces electrical load

C) It reduces electrical load

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What governs the minimum requirements for lighting systems on large aircraft?
A) EASA Part-66
B) SERA.3215
C) CS25 Certification Specifications

C) CS25 Certification Specifications

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What is the primary purpose of external lighting on an aircraft?
A) To monitor cabin pressure
B) To allow external visibility and safe operation
C) To balance weight distribution

B) To allow external visibility and safe operation

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Where is the red navigation light located on an aircraft?
A) Right/Starboard wing tip
B) Tail section
C) Left/Port wing tip

C) Left/Port wing tip

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What colour navigation light is installed at the right/starboard wing tip?
A) Blue
B) Green
C) Red

B) Green

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What is the purpose of the white navigation light on an aircraft?
A) Indicate speed
B) Illuminate the cabin
C) Mark the aircraft’s rear

C) Mark the aircraft’s rear

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Why is AC power used for navigation lights in flight?
A) It increases brightness
B) It prevents magnetic interference with flux valves
C) It saves battery power

B) It prevents magnetic interference with flux valves

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What is the function of anti-collision lights?
A) Improve engine performance
B) Display aircraft livery
C) Increase aircraft visibility with flashing light

C) Increase aircraft visibility with flashing light

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Where are anti-collision lights typically mounted?
A) Undercarriage doors only
B) Inside the cockpit
C) Fuselage top and bottom or wing tips

C) Fuselage top and bottom or wing tips

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What is the typical rotational speed of a rotating beam beacon?
A) 60–70 RPM
B) 30–35 RPM
C) 40–45 RPM

C) 40–45 RPM

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What type of motor powers the Grimes 28 Vdc rotating reflector beacon?
A) Induction motor
B) Shunt wound motor
C) Synchronous motor

B) Shunt wound motor

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What component in strobe lights stores electrical charge for the flash? A) Transformer B) Diode C) Capacitor

C) Capacitor

What is the typical flashing frequency for strobe lights? A) 20–30 flashes per minute B) 60–70 flashes per minute C) 90–100 flashes per minute

B) 60–70 flashes per minute

What is a safety concern with strobe lights? A) Magnetic interference B) Corrosion C) Stroboscopic effects can induce seizures

C) Stroboscopic effects can induce seizures

Where are landing lights commonly installed? A) Wing trailing edges B) Engine pylons C) Wing leading edges, undercarriage legs, or flap track fairings

C) Wing leading edges, undercarriage legs, or flap track fairings

What is the power rating of a typical landing light? A) 100 W B) 250 W C) 600 W

C) 600 W

When do retractable landing lights illuminate? A) Immediately when the switch is on B) Only during taxi C) After full extension

C) After full extension

Where are taxi lights normally mounted? A) Cabin ceiling B) Wing tips C) Front of the fuselage or nose gear

C) Front of the fuselage or nose gear

What is the usual power rating for taxi lights? A) 100 W B) 250 W C) 600 W

B) 250 W

What is the function of turn-off lights? A) Indicate engine failure B) Light up taxiway corners C) Monitor oil levels

B) Light up taxiway corners

What activates the taxi lights according to the system described? A) Turning off the engines B) The nose gear being down and locked C) Cabin lights being turned off

B) The nose gear being down and locked

What is the function of turn-off lights? A) Indicate engine failure B) Light up taxiway corners C) Monitor oil levels

B) Light up taxiway corners

What do ice inspection lights illuminate? A) Cargo bay B) Cockpit C) Wing leading edge and engine intake lip

C) Wing leading edge and engine intake lip

Where are wing illumination lights usually located? A) Top of the tail B) Left and right sides of the fuselage forward of the wings C) Under the cockpit floor

B) Left and right sides of the fuselage forward of the wings

What is the purpose of logo lights? A) Measure altitude B) Provide cabin mood lighting C) Illuminate the aircraft’s vertical stabiliser and logo

C) Illuminate the aircraft’s vertical stabiliser and logo

What is the main purpose of passenger cabin lighting? A) To illuminate the aircraft exterior during night flights B) To provide mood lighting for pilots C) To enable crew duties and ensure passenger comfort and safety

C) To enable crew duties and ensure passenger comfort and safety

What is “wash lighting” in the aircraft cabin? A) Lighting used for cleaning purposes B) A form of lighting where lamps are directly visible C) Indirect lighting reflected from adjacent areas for a gentler effect

C) Indirect lighting reflected from adjacent areas for a gentler effect

What type of lighting is typically used for night mode in passenger cabins? A) Bright fluorescent lights B) Softer lighting for sleeping comfort C) LED lights only in red

B) Softer lighting for sleeping comfort

What is the main advantage of using LED lighting in modern aircraft cabins? A) They produce heat B) They have a fixed color C) They are dimmable and have changeable color schemes

C) They are dimmable and have changeable color schemes

Where is general cabin lighting typically controlled from? A) Passenger seats B) Cockpit throttle quadrant C) Purser’s panel

C) Purser’s panel

What system often provides the interface to control cabin lighting and other cabin-related functions? A) Flight Management System (FMS) B) Environmental Control System (ECS) C) Cabin Management System (CMS)

C) Cabin Management System (CMS)

What is produced when free electrons collide with mercury vapour atoms in a fluorescent lamp? A) Infrared radiation B) Visible light C) Ultraviolet radiation

C) Ultraviolet radiation

How is ultraviolet radiation converted into visible light in a fluorescent tube? A) By electrical resistance B) By heating the filament C) By fluorescent material inside the glass tube

C) By fluorescent material inside the glass tube

Why are traditional starter units for gas discharge lamps not used in modern aircraft? A) They are too large B) They generate electromagnetic interference C) They don’t produce enough voltage

B) They generate electromagnetic interference

Cold start fluorescent lamps require approximately what voltage to ignite? A) 115 V B) 26 V C) 450 V

C) 450 V

What limits the current in cold start fluorescent lamps? A) Thermostat B) Ballast coil C) Switch resistor

B) Ballast coil

What supports ignition in direct start fluorescent lamps? A) A pressure valve B) A metal strip on the outer wall C) A mercury discharge tube

B) A metal strip on the outer wall

What principle is used to vary the impedance of the coil in direct start fluorescent lamps? A) Thermal expansion B) Magnetic repulsion C) Magnetic amplification

C) Magnetic amplification

What type of lighting is typically used in ceiling-mounted cabin areas to provide soft low-level lighting? A) High-pressure sodium lamps B) Incandescent or LED C) Neon gas discharge

B) Incandescent or LED

What voltage typically supplies incandescent lighting via step-down transformers? A) 450 V B) 26 Vac C) 5 Vdc

B) 26 Vac

What controls lights for essential passenger information signs like “Fasten Seat Belts” and “No Smoking”? A) Flight deck B) Passenger seat buttons C) Lavatory door switch

A) Flight deck

What are “Return to Seat” signs typically located in? A) Passenger armrests B) Lavatory cubicles C) Overhead bins

B) Lavatory cubicles

What operates the “Lavatory Occupied” sign? A) Motion sensor B) Flight attendant panel C) Lavatory door latch switch

C) Lavatory door latch switch

What kind of switch typically controls the light directly aft of the flight deck door? A) Toggle switch B) Push-button switch C) Magnetic-reed switch

C) Magnetic-reed switch

What lighting is permanently on in a lavatory when the aircraft is powered? A) Mirror light B) Dome light C) LED strip light

B) Dome light

How are overhead reading lights typically controlled by passengers? A) Cockpit switches B) Oxygen mask deployment C) A switch near the seat or on the seat controller

C) A switch near the seat or on the seat controller

What voltage typically powers cargo and equipment bay lighting? A) 115 Vac B) 26 Vac C) 28 Vdc

C) 28 Vdc

Where are switches for cargo compartment lighting typically located? A) At the main passenger entrance only B) At the cockpit only C) Near the compartment door, inside and outside

C) Near the compartment door, inside and outside

What material covers cargo dome lights to prevent damage and protect baggage? A) Plastic wrap B) Cotton mesh C) Tempered glass or other durable material

C) Tempered glass or other durable material

What prevents cargo lights from operating during flight in some aircraft? A) A weight sensor B) The engines being on C) A microswitch that disables lighting unless the door is open

C) A microswitch that disables lighting unless the door is open

What is the main purpose of internal lighting in an aircraft? A) To reduce power consumption during flight B) To illuminate aircraft exteriors at night C) To ensure safety and comfort for crew and passengers

C) To ensure safety and comfort for crew and passengers

Which ATA 100 chapter covers internal lighting? A) Chapter 24 B) Chapter 33 C) Chapter 42

B) Chapter 33

What is the primary role of emergency lighting in an aircraft? A) Provide power to cabin lighting B) Illuminate the cockpit for reading charts C) Illuminate emergency exit paths and exits

C) Illuminate emergency exit paths and exits

How is main lighting typically distributed in an aircraft? A) Through a single power source B) Via various busbars to prevent total loss C) Directly connected to emergency batteries

B) Via various busbars to prevent total loss

What powers standby lighting during total electrical failure? A) Hydraulic system B) Auxiliary power unit C) Aircraft battery

C) Aircraft battery

Where would you most likely find service lighting? A) Passenger seats B) Lavatory mirrors C) Cargo or baggage compartments

C) Cargo or baggage compartments

Which lighting category includes reading and call lights for passengers? A) Emergency B) Passenger compartment C) Flight compartment

B) Passenger compartment

Instrument lights must be installed so that: A) They are always visible in direct sunlight B) Their rays are aimed directly at the pilot C) They cause no glare or objectionable reflections

C) They cause no glare or objectionable reflections

Which device is not used for manual control of incandescent light dimming? A) Capacitor B) Potentiometer C) Transformer with pulse width modulation

A) Capacitor

What is the main advantage of a transformer over a potentiometer in light dimming? A) Larger physical size B) Higher internal power loss C) Smaller internal power loss

C) Smaller internal power loss

Which earlier dimming method used in aircraft involved placing a control in the common feed wire? A) PWM B) Rheostat C) LED driver

B) Rheostat

What lighting type is activated automatically with instrument power? A) Floodlighting B) Storm lighting C) Integral lighting

C) Integral lighting

Why is storm lighting used in cockpits? A) To save battery power B) To dim instruments during turbulence C) To override dimming and ensure readability during thunderstorms

C) To override dimming and ensure readability during thunderstorms

What type of lamp is typically used in dome lights? A) Fluorescent B) LED or 28 Vdc incandescent C) Neon gas discharge

B) LED or 28 Vdc incandescent

Which cockpit light is often handheld and sometimes referred to as a “wander light”? A) Pillar light B) Dome light C) Map reading light

C) Map reading light

What does wedge lighting rely on for illumination? A) Magnetic fields B) Light reflection between glass wedges C) Direct filament glow

B) Light reflection between glass wedges

What is a unique feature of pea lamps used in magnetic compasses? A) LED filaments B) Nickel coating C) Brass casing with contra-wound filaments

C) Brass casing with contra-wound filaments

Which lighting method involves multiple miniature lamps in a bridge structure? A) Trans-illuminated B) Wedge C) Bridge

C) Bridge

What are trans-illuminated panels typically made from? A) Fibreglass and metal B) Bonded acrylic plastics C) Tempered glass layers

B) Bonded acrylic plastics

What is a common power source for trans-illuminated panels? A) 115 Vac B) 400 Hz C) 5 V, 12 V, or 26 V

C) 5 V, 12 V, or 26 V

Floodlighting in the flight deck is typically powered by: A) Emergency generator B) Essential services bus bar C) Navigation lights circuit

B) Essential services bus bar

What is the main difference between a Central Warning System (CWS) and a Crew Alerting System (CAS)? A) CWS is for cabin alerts only B) CAS is analog and CWS is digital C) CWS is analog and CAS is digital

C) CWS is analog and CAS is digital

Which colour typically represents the highest priority warning in cockpit lighting? A) Amber B) Red C) Blue

B) Red

What does a “press to test” button check in warning lights? A) Full system functionality B) Sensor signal C) Filament and supply only

C) Filament and supply only

What is the primary purpose of emergency lighting on an aircraft? A) To improve cabin aesthetics B) To assist passengers and crew in locating exits and equipment during emergencies C) To provide in-flight reading lights

B) To assist passengers and crew in locating exits and equipment during emergencies

Which of the following must be included in the emergency lighting system? A) Overhead cabin mood lighting B) Landing gear bay illumination C) Floor proximity escape path marking

C) Floor proximity escape path marking

What powers the emergency lighting when the main electrical system fails? A) Aircraft engines B) Solar panels C) Independent battery packs

C) Independent battery packs

Where is the emergency lighting system controlled from? A) Baggage compartment and cargo hold B) Flight deck and purser’s panel C) Passenger seat armrests

B) Flight deck and purser’s panel

What happens when the emergency lighting switch is set to the “ARMED” position? A) Lights come on regardless of power status B) System is de-energised C) Lights automatically activate during a power failure

C) Lights automatically activate during a power failure

How long can modern emergency lighting battery packs typically power lights? A) 30–60 minutes B) 10–20 minutes C) 1–2 hours

B) 10–20 minutes

When should the emergency lighting switch be set to “OFF”? A) During takeoff B) When the aircraft is powered down C) During landing

B) When the aircraft is powered down

Where are floor proximity lights typically installed? A) On the overhead bins B) In seat tracks or attached to seat support structures C) In cockpit footwells

B) In seat tracks or attached to seat support structures

What is a feature of some floor proximity lights? A) Heated lenses B) Built-in smoke detectors C) Directional arrows or sequential pulsing

C) Directional arrows or sequential pulsing

What does the term “luminescence” mean in the context of emergency lighting? A) Light emitted due to heat B) Light emitted without temperature change C) Light produced by friction

B) Light emitted without temperature change

What material is used in self-illuminating exit signs known as “Betalights”? A) Xenon B) LED C) Radioactive tritium gas

C) Radioactive tritium gas

What should be done if a tritium-based emergency sign is damaged? A) Replace it with a standard LED sign B) Immediately vacuum the area C) Evacuate the aircraft and ventilate it

C) Evacuate the aircraft and ventilate it

How do modern replacements for tritium-based signs differ? A) Require frequent battery replacement B) Are maintenance-free and longer-lasting C) Use flammable materials

B) Are maintenance-free and longer-lasting

What powers electroluminescent lighting? A) DC voltage from batteries B) Application of an electric field (AC power) C) Static electricity

B) Application of an electric field (AC power)

What controls the brightness of electroluminescent lights? A) Air temperature B) Current flow C) Voltage and frequency of the supply

C) Voltage and frequency of the supply

What do external emergency lights typically illuminate? A) Passenger baggage B) Escape routes, doors, and slides C) Cockpit instruments

B) Escape routes, doors, and slides

What can trigger overwing and slide lights besides the emergency circuit? A) Lavatory sensors B) Cabin pressure sensors C) Girt bar proximity switches

C) Girt bar proximity switches

In the “OFF” position, what happens to the 6V emergency lights? A) They stay on continuously B) They are charged and remain off, even during power loss C) They flash intermittently

B) They are charged and remain off, even during power loss

11.14 Lights Flashcards

(105 cards)