0-RT205-02

Question 0

Mixture

Answer 0

2 or more substances combined

Question 1

Substance

Answer 1

Material that has definite and constant composition.

Question 2

Substances may either be _____ or ______.

Answer 2

Substances may either be SIMPLE or COMPLEX

Question 3

Simple Substances are known as ______.

Answer 3

Simple Substances are known as ELEMENTS.

Question 4

Complex Substances are known as ________.

Answer 4

Complex Substances are known as COMPOUNDS

Question 5

Atom

Answer 5

Smallest part of an element that still possesses the chemical properties of that element.

Question 6

Molecule

Answer 6

2 or more atoms that’re chemically united.

Question 7

Radiation

Answer 7

When energy is emitted and transferred through matter

Question 8

Z

Answer 8

Atomic # = # of Protons

Question 9

Isotope

Answer 9

An atom that gains or loses neutrons

Question 10

Ion

Answer 10

Atom that gains or loses an electron

Question 11

amu

Answer 11

Atomic Mass Unit: Mass of the particles of an atom

Question 12

Proton = _____ amu

Answer 12

Proton = 1.00728 amu

Question 13

Neutron = ____ amu

Answer 13

Neutron = 1.00867 amu

Question 14

Electron = ____ amu

Answer 14

Electron = 0.000548 amu

Question 15

Proton mass = _____kg

Answer 15

Proton mass = 1.673 x 10^-27 kg

Question 16

Neutron mass = ___kg

Answer 16

Neutron mass = 1.675 x 10^-27 kg

Question 17

Electron mass = ___kg

Answer 17

Electron mass = 9.109 x 10^-31 kg

Question 18

Protons are ____times the mass of electrons.

Answer 18

Protons are 1,836 times the mass of electrons.

Question 19

Neutrons are ____times the mass of electrons.

Answer 19

Neutrons are 1,838 times the mass of electrons.

Question 20

A

Answer 20

Atomic Mass Number = Sum of Protons and Neutrons in Nucleus of an Atom

Question 21

Maximum # of Electrons of Any Given Electron Shell

Answer 21

2n^2
where
n = shell # (K being #1)

Question 22

eV

Answer 22

Electron Volt: Binding energy of an electron

Question 23

Energy

Answer 23

Ability to do work

Question 24

Work

Answer 24

Result of a force acting upon an object over a distance.

work = force x distance

Question 25

c

Answer 25

Speed of Light = 3 x 10^8 m/s

or 186,400 miles/s

Question 26

Excitation

Answer 26

When EM energy transferring energy to an atom (where electrons are moved to a higher energy state without being removed from the atom)

Question 27

Wave Theory Equation

Answer 27

velocity = frequency x wavelength

where velocity = c = light speed

Question 28

Particle Theory

Answer 28

E = h^
where
E = photon energy (eV),
h = Planck's Constant (4.15 x 10^-15 eV-sec),
^ = photon frequency (Hz)

Question 29

Planck’s Constant

Answer 29

4.15 x 10^-15 eV-sec

Question 30

12 Characteristics of X-Rays

Answer 30

1. Highly penetrating and invisible rays that’re a form of EM radiation
2. Electrically neutral and, therefore, not affected by either electric/magnetic fields
3. Can be produced over wide variety of energies and wavelengths (polyenergetic and heterogenous)
4. Release very small amounts of heat upon passing through matter
5. Travel in straight lines
6. Travel at light speed
7. Can ionize matter
8. Cause fluorescence (emission of light) of certain crystals
9. Cannot be focused by a lens
10. Affect photographic film
11. Produce chemical and biological changes in matter through excitation/ionization
12. Produce secondary/scatter radiation