Bleeding Disorders Flashcards
what clotting factors need vitamin K to be produced?
2
7
9
10
where are clotting factors synthesised?
hepatocytes
what is factor II called?
prothrombin
what are the two main sources of vitamin K?
diet - green leafy veg
synthesis by bacteria in the bowel
where is vitamin K absorbed?
in the upper intestine
what is needed for the absorption of vitamin K?
bile salts
name some possible causes of vitamin K deficiency
poor intake malabsorption obstructive jaundice warfarin newborn babies
how is haemorrhagic disease of the newborn prevented?
give newborns IM vitamin K
what is disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?
when there is excessive and inappropriate activation of the haemostatic system
what is the major potential complication of DIC?
end organ failure due to microvascular thrombus formation
what causes DIC?
massive tissue damage
why is there a clotting factor deficiency in DIC?
clotting factors are consumed in an attempt to compensate for over activation of haemostasis
what are D-dimer levels like in DIC?
very high
what are some possible causes of DIC?
sepsis
obstetric emergencies
malignancies - chronic picture
hypovolaemic shock
how is DIC managed?
treat cause
platelet, plasma and cryoprecipitant transfusions
