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CAPS 391 - Gross Human Anatomy > Cardiovascular System - The Arteries > Flashcards

Cardiovascular System - The Arteries Flashcards

1
Q

Where does the Aorta arise from?

A
  • Left Ventricle

- Middle Mediastinum (as ascending aorta)

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2
Q

What are the different names for the Aorta? why are they named that?

A
  • Ascending Aorta: it ascends from the heart
  • Arch of the Aorta: it curves laterally to the left
  • The Descending Thoracic Aorta: It descends through the thoracic cavity
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3
Q

What are the main branches of the Arch of the Aorta?

A
  • Brachiocephalic
  • Left Common Carotid
  • Left Subclavian
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4
Q

What are the two divisions of the Brachiocephalic Artery?

A
  • The Right Subclavian

- The Right common Carotid

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5
Q

What is the path of the Right Subclavian Artery?

A
  • Passes under the clavicle towards the right upper limb

- Continues as the Axillary Artery after passing over first rib

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6
Q

What does the Right Common Carotid Artery supply?

A
  • The Neck and Head Regions
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7
Q

What does the Left Common Carotid Artery Supply?

A
  • The Head and Neck
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8
Q

What is the path of the Left Subclavian Artery?

A
  • Passes under the clavicle towards the left upper limb

- Continues as the Axillary Artery after passing over the first rib

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9
Q

What are the Branches of the Subclavian Artery? (3)

A
  • The Vertebral Artery
  • The Internal Thoracic Artery
  • The Thyrocervical Trunk
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10
Q

How does the Vertebral Artery enter the skull? What does it supply?

A 
Enters
- Via the Foramen Magnum
Supplies
- Spinal Cord
- Medulla
- Cerebellum
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11
Q

What is the path of the Internal Thoracic Artery? What does it give rise to?

A

Path
- Descends on either side of the sternum
Gives rise to
- At the level of each intercostal space, it gives rise to the anterior intercostal arteries, which join with the posterior intercostal arteries (branches of the thoracic aorta)

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12
Q

What does the Thyrocervical Trunk Supply blood to?

A
  • Larynx
  • Trachea
  • Thyroid Gland
  • Muscles
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13
Q

What is the Descending Aorta called above the Diaphragm?

A
  • The Descending Thoracic Aorta
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14
Q

What does the Descending Thoracic Aorta Supply?

A
  • The Thoracic Viscera (esophagus, pericardium, lungs, NOT the HEART)
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15
Q

What are the main branches of the thoracic aorta?

A
  • Posterior Intercostal Arteries
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16
Q

Where do the posterior intercostal arteries travel?

A
  • Within the inter-costal spaces

- Join the anterior intercoastal arteries

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17
Q

What is the Descending Aorta Called after the Diaphragm?

A
  • The Abdominal Aorta
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18
Q

Where and What does the Abdominal Aorta Bifurcate into?

A

Where
- LIV Vertebrae
What
- The Common Iliac Arteries

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19
Q

What are the major Branches of the Abdominal Aorta?

A
  • Celiac Artery
  • Superior Mesenteric
  • Inferior Mesenteric
  • Renal
  • Gonadal
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20
Q

What are the three branches of the Celiac Artery?

A
  • Left Gastric
  • Common Hepatic
  • Splenic
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21
Q

What dos the Left Gastric branch of the Celiac Artery Supply?

A
  • The lesser curvature of the stomach
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22
Q

What are the two divisions of the Common Hepatic Artery?

A
  • Proper Hepatic

- Gastroduodenal

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23
Q

What does the Proper Hepatic Division of the Common Hepatic Branch of the Celiac Artery Supply?

A
  • The liver
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24
Q

What does the Gastroduodenal division of the Common Hepatic Branch of the Celiac Artery Supply?

A
  • Right Gastromental: the greater curvature of the stomach

- Superior Pancreaticodudenal Artery: The Pancreas

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25
Q

What does the Splenic Branch of the Celiac Artery Supply?

A
  • The Spleen and major left gastric
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26
Q

What are the branches of the Superior MEsenteric Artery? (4)

A
  • Jejunal and Ileal
  • Ileocolic
  • Right Colon
  • Middle Colic
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27
Q

What does the Jejunal and Ileal Branches of the Superior Mesenteric Artery Supply?

A
  • small intestine
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28
Q

What does the Ileocolic Branch of the Superior Mesenteric Artery Supply?

A
  • Cecum and ileum terminalis
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29
Q

What does the right colon branch of the superior mesenteric artery supply?

A
  • ascending colon
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30
Q

What does the Middle colic branch of the superior mesenteric artery supply?

A
  • the right 2/3 part of the transverse colon
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31
Q

What are the 3 branches of the Inferior Mesenteric Artery?

A
  • Left Colic
  • Sigmoid
  • Superior Rectal
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32
Q

What does the left colic branch of the inferior mesenteric artery supply?

A
  • descending colon
33
Q

What does the sigmoid branch of the inferior mesenteric artery supply?

A
  • Distal aspect of the colon
34
Q

What does the superior rectal branch of the inferior mesenteric artery supply?

A
  • Rectum
35
Q

What does the Renal Artery Supply?

A
  • The kidneys
36
Q

What do the Gonadal Arteries supply?

A
  • Testicles (Men)

- Ovaries (Women)

37
Q

What does the Abdominal Aorta end up as?

A
  • The Common Iliac Arteries
38
Q

What do each common iliac arteries bifurcate into?

A
  • Internal and External Iliac Arteries
39
Q

What is the path of the internal Iliac Artery? What does it supply?

A

Path
- Enters the pelvis
Supply
- Pelvic Organs

40
Q

What is the path of the external iliac artery?

A

Path

  • Runs outside of the pelvis and goes to the lower limb
  • Passes under the inguinal ligament and turns into the femoral artery
41
Q

What are the main branches of the Axillary Artery? (4)

A
  • Thoracoacromial Artery
  • Lateral Thoracic
  • Anterior and Posterior Circumflex Humeral
  • Subscapular Artery
42
Q

What does the Lateral Thoracic Artery Supply?

A
  • Medial Wall of the axilla
43
Q

What is the structure of the Anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries?

A
  • They wrap around the surgical neck of the humerus

- They supply the shoulder joint and deltoid muscle

44
Q

What does the Subscapular Artery Supply?

A
  • Scapular region
45
Q

What does the Thoracoacromial Artery Supply?

A
  • Anterior Wall of the Axilla
46
Q

When does the Axillary Artery Become the Brachial Artery?

A
  • After it passes the axilla
47
Q

What supplies the oxygenated blood to the triceps muscle?

A
  • The deep brachial artery
48
Q

Where does the Brachial Artery bifurcate? What does it turn into?

A 
Where
- The Cubital Fossa
What
- The Radial Artery
- The Ulnar Artery
49
Q

What does the common interosseous branch of the ulnar artery supply?

A
  • deep muscles of the anterior and posterior compartment of the forearm
50
Q

What are the two main arches in the hand, formed by the ulnar and radial arteries?

A
  • Superficial

- Deep palmar

51
Q

Where do the palmar digital arteries come from? Where do they go? What do they supply?

A 
Come from
- The superficial and deep palmar arches
Go
- Lateral and medial aspects of the digits
Supply
- The fingers
52
Q

What does the Abdominal Aorta split into?

A
  • The left and right common iliac arteries
53
Q

What do the left and right common iliac arteries split into?

A
  • The internal iliac artery

- The external iliac artery

54
Q

What is the path of the external iliac artery?

A
  • Passes deep to the inguinal ligament

- Continues as the femoral artery

55
Q

What is the Femoral Artery? What does it supply?

A

Femoral Artery
- The main artery of the lower limb
Supplies
- Muscles of the Thigh (except the posterior compartment)

56
Q

What is the deep femoral artery? What does it supply? What is another name for it?

A 
Deep Femoral Artery
- Branch of the Femoral artery
Supplies
- Posterior compartment of the thigh
Name
- Profunda Femoris
57
Q

What is the Popliteal Artery? Where is it? What does it do?

A 
Popliteal Artery
- Extension of the Femoral Artery
Location
- IN the Popliteal Fossa
Supplies 
- The knee joint
58
Q

What artery supplies the dorsal of the foot?

A
  • The Dorsalis Pedis
59
Q

What artery supplies the anterior compartment of the leg?

A
  • The anterior tibial artery
60
Q

What turns into the Dorsalis Pedis?

A
  • The Anterior Tibial division of the Popliteal artery
61
Q

What is the Fibular Artery? What does it supply?

A

Fibular Artery
- Branch of the Posterior Tibial Artery
Supplies
- Posterior and lateral compartments of the leg

62
Q

What artery supplies the plantar aspect of the foot?

A
  • The medial plantar artery

- The lateral plantar artery

63
Q

What artery divides into the medial and lateral plantar arteries?

A
  • The posterior tibial artery
64
Q

What supplies blood to the toes?

A
  • The dorsal and plantar digital arterial arches, and their branches
65
Q

What are the two branches of the Common Carotid Arteries?

A
  • The internal carotid

- The external carotid

66
Q

Where does the Internal Carotid have branches? What are the main ones?

A 
Location
- Within the skull
Name
- Ophthalmic Artery
- Middle Cerebral Artery
- Anterior Cerebral Artery
67
Q

What does the Internal Carotid Artery Supply Blood to?

A
  • The CNS
68
Q

Where does the External Carotid supply blood to?

A
  • The Face and Skin of the Skull
69
Q

What are the main branches of the External Carotid Artery? What do they supply? (3)

A
  • Facial Artery: superficial parts of the facial structure
  • Maxillary: Deep structures such as nasal cavity or orbital cavity
  • Superficial Temporal: The scalp
70
Q

Where do the vertebral arteries come from?

A
  • The sublcavian Artery
71
Q

Where do the Vertebral Arteries join? What do they form?

A

Location
- In front of the brainstem (pons)
Form
- The Basilar Artery

72
Q

What does the Basilar Artery Supply?

A
  • The Spinal Cord
  • The Brianstem
  • The Cerebellum
73
Q

What are the Terminal Branches of the Basilar Artery? what do they supply?

A
  • Posterior Cerebral Arteries: occipital lobes
74
Q

Where does the middle cerebral artery come from? What does it connect to?

A

Origin
- Internal Carotid
Joins
- The Posterior Cerebral Arteries

75
Q

What supplies blood to the temporal and parietal lobes?

A
  • The joining of the Posterior and Middle cerebral Arteries
76
Q

What are the Posterior Communicating Branches?

A
  • They are used by the joining of the posterior and middle cerebral arteries and supply the blood to the temporal and parietal lobes
77
Q

What does the Internal Carotid Artery give off? What doe they supply?

A
  • Middle Cerebral Artery: (with the Posterior cerebral artery) supply the parietal and temporal lobes
  • The Anterior Cerebral Arteries: Supply the frontal lobes
78
Q

What are the two Anterior Cerebral Arteries connected by?

A
  • The anterior communicating artery
79
Q

What is the circle of Willis?

A
  • The connection of the two Anterior Cerebral Arteries via the Anterior Communicating Artery
  • Serves as a defence mechanism against obstruction of a single artery in the system

CAPS 391 - Gross Human Anatomy (33 decks)

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