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Physical Science > Chapter 28 > Flashcards

Chapter 28 Flashcards

1
Q

a layer extending an average of 12 km above earths surface Whether takes place in this layer

A

Troposphere

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2
Q

it occurs when air temperature increases with altitude and the air becomes stable

A

Temperature Inversion

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3
Q

a natural process in which certain gases in the atmosphere warm a planet as they absorb and emit infrared radiation

A

Greenhouse Effect

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4
Q

How are the atmospheric layers classified?

A

Temperature and composition

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5
Q

What gas makes up the majority of the atmosphere?

A

nitrogen 78%

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6
Q

Which gas makes up 21% of the atmosphere?s

A

oxygen

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7
Q

What is the remaining 1 % in the atmosphere made up of?

A

Trace gases The majority is Aragon

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8
Q

Within the Troposphere dose the temperature increase or decrease with allude?

A

decrees

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9
Q

How many layers are there in the atmosphere?

A

five

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10
Q

what are the names of the layers closes to the surface going up?

A 
Troposphere
Stratosphere
Mesosphere
Thermosphere
Exosphere
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11
Q

Which layer is the ozone found in?

A

Stratosphere

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12
Q

within the stratosphere dose temperature increase or decrease with altitude

A

increase

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13
Q

Does temperature increase or decrease in the mesosphere with altitude?

A

lower decreases higher increases

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14
Q

Do the Thermosphere and expouser effect weather

A

no

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15
Q

Where does 100% of solar radiation come from?

A

The sun

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16
Q

What percent of solar radiation is adsorbed by earths surface?

A

50%

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17
Q

What percent of solar radiation is reflected off of earths surface?

A

5%

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18
Q

What percent of solar radiation is absorbed by particles in the atmosphere?

A

20%

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19
Q

What percentage of solar radiation is reflected by partials in the atmosphere?

A

25%

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20
Q

What are the three basic cloud types?

A

Stratus, Cumulus, and cirrus

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21
Q

Describe Stratus clouds

A

Layered, sheet like

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22
Q

Describe cumulus clouds

A

puffy

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23
Q

Describe cirrus

A

wispy,

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24
Q

what are all the steps of the water cycle

A

Precipitation, runoff, infiltration, transpertation, infiltration

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25
Q

a narrow bond of fast moving, high altitude air

A

jet stream

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26
Q

the apparent deflection of an object due to earths rotation

A

Coriolis effect

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27
Q

a large volume of air with uniform moisture and temperature throughout

A

air mass

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28
Q

weather fronts

A

the zones air masses interact

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29
Q

How many jet streams are in the world?

A

Four

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30
Q

How many pressure systems are there?

A

Two

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31
Q

what are low pressure systems also known as?

A

A Low (L)

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32
Q

Which direction does a low rotate?

A

Counterclockwise

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33
Q

what are some results of a low pressure system?

A

Air rises ,clouds form, and creates precipitation

34
Q

What is a high pressure system also known as?

A

A High(H)

35
Q

Which direction does a High rotate?

A

clockwise

36
Q

what are some results of a high pressure system?

A

Air sinks creating clear sky’s

37
Q

What are the four weather fronts?

A

Cold, Warm, Stationary and occluded

38
Q

How are cold fronts created?

A

Cold air forces warm air upward in a fast and chaotic manner

39
Q

what is the symbol for a cold front on a weather forecast?

A

blue triangle

40
Q

how are warm fronts created?

A

Warm air rises gently above cold air

41
Q

what is the symbol for a warm front on a weather forecast

A

red semi-circles

42
Q

How is a Stationary Front created

A

Cold and warm air meets and stays

43
Q

haw long can stationary fronts last?

A

fuor days

44
Q

what is the symbol for a stationary front on a weather forecast

A

alternating red triangle and blue semicircle

45
Q

what is the symbol for a occluded front on a weather forecast

A

purple triangles and semicircles

46
Q

How is a occlude front created

A

fast moving cold front overtakes a slow warm front

47
Q

A climate that is strongly affected by the ocean

A

Maritime Climate

48
Q

A climate that is not directly affected by the ocean

A

Continental climate

49
Q

it blows from over the water toward the land in afternoon when the land is warmer than the water

A

Sea breeze

50
Q

What is climate?

A

The long term average of whether conditions

51
Q

What is wheather?

A

The day to day outside conditions

52
Q

What are the five spheres that make up earth?

A

Atmosphere, Biosphere, cryosphere, Hydrosphere, and lithosphere

53
Q

What is the Atmosphere?

A

The air that is around us

54
Q

What is the biosphere?

A

Anything that is living

55
Q

What is the hydrosphere?

A

anything that includes water

56
Q

What is the cryosphere?

A

Anything that includes frozen water

57
Q

What is the Lithosphere?

A

Earth’s outermost layer

58
Q

What is the primary factor that influences climate at any location?

A

Latitude

59
Q

Where is solar radiation most intense on earths location?

A

The equator

60
Q

At what degrees do the sun rays hit the Earths tropical zones ?

A

23 degrees

61
Q

At which degrees do the sun rays hit Earth in the temprate zones

A

45°

62
Q

At which angle do the sun rays hit the polar zones?

A

30°

63
Q

Which zone is Lama Co located?

A

Temperate

64
Q

What other factors determine climate?

A

Precipitation, Monitions in that area, And bodies of water

65
Q

What is the windward side conditions like?

A

cold, wet and lots of vegetation

66
Q

What are the conditions like on the leeward side?

A

warm and dry, little to no vegetation

67
Q

What is a land breeze?

A

When wind blows from land to sea when the land is colder than the water.

68
Q

Which climate zone and what type of vegetation does lamar Co have?

A

warm and semi-arid and grassland

69
Q

An increase in the average of temperatures of earth’s near-surface air and oceans

A

global warming

70
Q

The warming of the pacific ocean off the coast of the western South America that occurs every 3-10 years

A

El Nino

71
Q

occurs when trade winds in the pacific are unusually strong and surface water is colder than normal

A

la Nina

72
Q

What are two changes that Earth’s climate undergos?

A

Seasonal(short term) and drastic(long term)

73
Q

How do seasonal changes occur?

A

How earth revolves around the sun

74
Q

Which hemisphere experiences summer?

A

the hemisphere that is tilted towards the sun

75
Q

What was the period called when most of earths surface was covered in ice?

A

The ice age

76
Q

How long ago did the earth’s reach it’s current pattern?

A

3000 years ago

77
Q

What are some factors that can cause climate change?

A

A tilt in Earths axis, the shape of orbis and the distance from the sun

78
Q

What can effect earths atmosphere?

A

energy consumption, deforestation and industrial and agriculture practices

79
Q

What is deforestation?

A

The clearing of large areas in forest land?

80
Q

How does deforestation effect climate change?

A

Trees remove carbon dioxide,

Physical Science (7 decks)

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