11.3

Question 1

What is autosomal dominant?

Answer 1

A genetic trait that shown when at least one copy of the dominant allele (X_) is present.

Question 2

What is autosomal recessive?

Answer 2

A genetic trait that is shown when two copies of the recessive allele (xx) are present.

Question 3

What is sex-linked dominant?

Answer 3

A genetic trait that is shown in individuals with at least one copy of the dominant allele (X_) located on a sex chromosome.

Question 4

What is sex-linked recessive?

Answer 4

A genetic trait that is shown in individuals with two copies of the recessive allele (xx) located on a sex chromosome.

Question 5

What is a carrier?

Answer 5

An individual who has one copy of a recessive allele and does not exhibit the trait but can pass it to offspring. For example (Xx)

Question 6

What is X-inactivation?

Answer 6

The process by which one of the two X chromosomes in females is randomly inactivated.

Question 7

What is a pedigree?

Answer 7

A diagram that shows the occurrence and appearance of phenotypes of a particular gene.

Question 8

What are the similarities in autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, sex-linked recessive, sex-linked dominant?

Answer 8

The similarities are that all different types are shaded in the diagram (so far) and that they are all are alleles on gene being passed down from one generation to the next.

Question 9

What are the difference between autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, sex-linked recessive, sex-linked dominant?

Answer 9

The difference are that autosomal dominant and sex-linked dominant both need one copies of the dominant allele while autosomal recessive and sex-linked recessive need only one both need two copies of the recessive allele. Another difference is that autosome does not depend on the sex of the organism while sex linked will affect the allele of their children.