11.3 Sampling Techniques Flashcards Preview

A level Biology OCR A > 11.3 Sampling Techniques > Flashcards

Flashcards in 11.3 Sampling Techniques Deck (8)
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1
Q

Which techniques may be used to sample animals?

A
  • POOTER
    • Device used to capture insects.
  • SWEEP NETS
    • Used to catch insects in long grass.
  • PITFALL TRAP
    • Used to catch small, crawling invertebrates.
  • TREE BEATING
    • Tree is shaken, species in tree fall onto large white cloth.
  • KICK SAMPLING
    • River bed/bank kicked to disturb substrate. Downstream net catches dislodged species.
2
Q

How can a quadrat be used to sample plants?

A
  • POINT QUADRAT
    • Frame containing horizontal bar.
    • Pin pushed through, plant species touching the pin are recorded.
    • Pin is moved along set intervals & process repeated.
  • FRAME QUADRAT
    • Square frame divided into grid.
    • Type & number of species in each grid is recorded.
3
Q

To collect the most valid, representative sample of the abundance of organisms in an area, quadrats should be used alongside a [random/non-random] sampling technique.

A

random

4
Q

To study how the presence & distribution of organisms across an area varies, quadrats should be with a ____.

A

line transect / belt transect

5
Q

In which ways can a frame quadrat be used to sample plant populations?

A
  • DENSITY
    • count number of plants present in 1m x 1m quadrat, indicates number of plants per m2
  • FREQUENCY
    • count number of squares in which species is present.
  • PERCENTAGE COVER
    • estimate of percentage of area covered by a species within the quadrat.
6
Q

What are abiotic factors?

A

non-living conditions

in a habitat

7
Q

What are examples of abiotic factors?

A
  • Wind speed
  • Light intensity
  • Humidity
  • pH
  • Temperature
8
Q

What are the advantages of using sensors for measuring abiotic factors?

A
  • Can detect rapid changes
  • High precision
  • Data can be stored & tracked on computer

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