Bio - The Heart

Question 1

What is the purpose of the circulatory system?

Answer 1

To carry food and oxygen to every cell in the body

Question 2

Which ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood through the heart?

Answer 2

Right (on the left)

Question 3

What are the walls of the heart made up of?

Answer 3

Muscle tissue

Question 4

What is the purpose of the heart valves

Answer 4

To make sure blood flows in the right direction

Question 5

How many chambers are there in the heart

Answer 5

Four

Question 6

What are pacemaker cells

Answer 6

Cells which send out small electrical signals to the heart keeping it at an even pace - artificial pacemakers also exist

Question 7

What are arteries

Answer 7

Blood vessels which carry blood away from the heart - high pressure so thick walls

Question 8

What are capillaries

Answer 8

Tiny blood vessels involved in the exchange of materials

Question 9

What are veins

Answer 9

Blood vessels carrying blood to the heart - lower pressure so thinner walls

Question 10

What is the centre hollow part of a blood vessel called?

Answer 10

The lumen

Question 11

What is the purpose of the red blood cell

Answer 11

To carry oxygen through the blood

Question 12

Why are red blood cells shaped as a concave disc

Answer 12

To give them a large surface area for absorbing oxygen

Question 13

Why are red blood cells red

Answer 13

They have a red pigment called haemoglobin

Question 14

What is the purpose of white blood cells

Answer 14

To defend against infection

Question 15

What is the purpose of platelets

Answer 15

To make the blood clot at a wound

Question 16

What is the purpose of plasma

Answer 16

To carry everything in the blood

Question 17

What are stents

Answer 17

Tubes inserted into arteries to keep them open

Question 18

What is coronary heart disease

Answer 18

Where arteries are blocked by layers of fatty material

Question 19

What could be the results of heart disease if left untreated

Answer 19

A heart attack as there is a lack of oxygen to the heart muscle

Question 20

What are the advantages to stents

Answer 20

They are effective for a long time and the recover time is quick

Question 21

What are some disadvantages to stents

Answer 21

Theres a risk of complications and a risk of infection

Question 22

What are statins

Answer 22

Drugs that can reduce the amount of cholesterol which would otherwise lead to heart disease

Question 23

What are some advantages to statins

Answer 23

They reduce the risk of strokes, heart disease and heart attacks

Question 24

What are some disadvantages to statins

Answer 24

They’re a long term drug which must be taken regularly and they can cause negative side effects

Question 25

What is the purpose of an artificial heart

Answer 25

To keep the person alive until they can find a donor

Question 26

What are some advantages to artificial hearts

Answer 26

They have a lower chance of getting rejected

Question 27

What are some disadvantages to artificial hearts

Answer 27

They can lead to bleeding, infection and aren’t as effective as natural ones which could lead to blood clots and strokes

Question 28

If you have a faulty valve what options are there

Answer 28

The valve can be replaced by ones taken from humans or other mammals such as pigs or there are such things as mechanical valves which are man made