Exam 3: Immune system Flashcards
fct immune system
guard and defend human body against invasion of pathogens and microorganisms
bone marrow fct and location
where B cells matured in bone
thymus fct and location
where differentiation of T cells in sternum
lymph nodes fct and location
around armpits, groin, neck, knees
spleen and location
filters blood + removes dead or malformed cells
MALT fct example
proctects against microorganism by a mucus
example: peyers patch in small intestine, respiratory, digestive and genitourinary tracts
3 lines of defense and examples
1- innate nonspecific physical barrier: mucus+skin
2- innate nonspecific cells: phagocytes (macrophages, neutrophils, natural killer cells)
3- adaptive specific defences: lymphocytes, antibodies, memory cells
Innate immunity
fast response, general, uses soluble microbial protein, comes from evolution over time, first 2 lines of defense
adaptive immunity
slow response, very specific, genetic rearrangement, use lymphocytes and memory cells, antigens and antibodies
3 types of lymphocytes
neutrophils, natural killer cells, macrophages
neutrophils: lymphocytes
most abundant leukocytes`
clearance of bacteria and fungi
helps respond infection+homeostasis
Natural killer cells: lymphocytes
spontaneous cytolytic activity (disintegration of cells)
(dead cells quickly eliminated without causing inflammation)
secretes cytokines
macrophages
detects, phagocytosis and destruction of bacteria maintian homeostasis innate immunity metabolic fct tissue repair
cell adaptive immunity response (2 and function)
B cells: produces plasma cells secreting antibody called immunoglobulins
T cells: regulates other cells and attacks infected cells and contains a receptor called TCR recognizing small chains of peptides
Type 1 diabetes cause and symptoms
high blood glucose level bc not enough insulin
Cause: immune system attacks and destroys insulin-producing cells (B) in pancreas
Symptoms: irritability, hunger, thirst, weakness, blurred vision, fatigue
