Soc:14 Muscular system Flashcards
Deltoid and Pectorals
Delts- abduct the upper arm at the shoulder
Pects- adduct
Triceps and Biceps
Biceps- flex the arm at the elbows
Triceps- extend
Quadriceps and Hamstrings
Quads- Extend the leg at the knee
Hammys- Flexs the leg at the knee
Gluteus Maximus and Hip Flexors
Gluts- extend the leg at the hip
Flexors- flexes the leg at the hip
Tibialis Anteroir and Gastrocnemius
Tibialis- Dorsi-flexioj at the foot
Gastro- Plantar-flexion at the foot
Slow twitch muscle fibres
Type 1 - suit endurance activities and are darker in colour due to the contaiment of Myoglobin which transports oxygen to working muscles
Fast twitch muscle fibres
Type 2a - used in anaerobic, can be trained through endurance, increase resistance to fatigue
Type 2x - used in anaerobic work that can generate more power than other muscle fibres but fatigue quickly
Tendons
Connect bones to muscles and enable movement
Ligaments
Fibrous tissues that connect bones to bones
Cartilage
Aid movement and stop bones from rubbing together
Synovial fluid
Reduces friction at joints, allowing them to move freely
Cardiac muscles
Involuntarily controlled, found in the walls of the heart, do not fatigue
Smooth muscles
Involuntarily controlled, found in the walls of hollow organs such as intestines
Skeletal muscles
Voluntarily controlled, found throughout body, attached to bones
Isometric muscle contractions
There is no change in joint angle and muscle length
