Histopath - Systemic pathology

Question 1

Opportunistic infections associated with HIV

Answer 1

• PCP (Pneumocystis pneumonia)
• CMV (cytomegalovirus)
• Candida
• TB
• Cryptococcus
• Toxoplasma gondii
• JC virus (John Cunningham)
• Herpes
• Cryptosporidium

Question 2

Which tumours are HIV patients at increased risk of?

Answer 2

Kaposi’s sarcoma and lymphoma (due to EBV)

Question 3

HIV is associated with which central nerve disease?

Answer 3

Progressive encephalopathy

Question 4

What histopathology is TB associated with?

Answer 4

Caseating granulomas

Can affect everywhere in body

Question 5

What histopathology is Sarcoid associated with?

Answer 5

Non-caseating granulomas

(Dx of excl - erythema nodosum)

Question 6

What cells are associated with IgG4 related disease?

Answer 6

IgG4 antibody producing plasma cells

Question 7

Amyloid

Answer 7

Deposition of abnormally folded proteins

(Can pretty much cause anything)

Question 8

Two types of Amyloid

Answer 8

• AA amyloidosis = chronic inflammatory states (RA, UC)
• AL amyloidosis= from light chains -> multiple myeloma

Question 9

*Stain for amyloid

Answer 9

Congo red dye causes apple green birefringence

Question 10

*A 23 year old female presents with a facial rash, arthralgias, mouth ulcers, hair fall and pleuritic chest pain. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Answer 10

SLE