chapter 3

Question 1

circulatory system

Answer 1

body’s transport system consisting of the lungs, heart, blood vessels and blood. provides oxygen and nutrients and carbon dioxide via deoxygenated blood

Question 2

oxygenated blood

Answer 2

pumped to each part of the body, becomes oxygenated in the lungs

Question 3

deoxygenated blood

Answer 3

pumped to the vena cava and to the lungs, where CO2 is exchanged for oxygenated blood

Question 4

plasma

Answer 4

transports nutrients, hormones proteins

Question 5

red blood cells

Answer 5

transports oxygen and haemoglobin

Question 6

white blood cells

Answer 6

helps to fight infection

Question 7

platelets

Answer 7

help with blood clotting to prevent blood loss

Question 8

arteries

Answer 8

muscular, elastic tubes that transport oxygenated blood AWAY from the heart.
small internal lumen, thick wall

Question 9

veins

Answer 9

carry deoxygenated blood TO the heart, containing valves to prevent back flow of blood.
large internal lumen, thin wall for blood at low pressure

Question 10

capillaries

Answer 10

tiny blood vessels that form networks through the body’s tissues. walls are one cell thick, allowing substances to pass in and out of cells.
small lumen, diffusion of gases and nutrients

Question 11

pulmonary circuit

Answer 11

on the right, pumps blood to the lungs and back to the heart. carries deoxygenated blood

Question 12

systemic circuit

Answer 12

on the left, pumps blood to the body and back to the heart. carries oxygenated blood

Question 13

function of vena cava

Answer 13

carries deoxygenated blood into the heart

Question 14

function of pulmonary vein

Answer 14

carries oxygenated blood from the lungs into the heart

Question 15

function of aorta

Answer 15

carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs

Question 16

function of pulmonary artery

Answer 16

carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body

Question 17

what are the four components of blood

Answer 17

red blood cells, white blood cells, plasma and platelets

Question 18

function of valves

Answer 18

stop the backflow of blood

Question 19

function of the septum

Answer 19

separates the deoxygenated and oxygenated blood

Question 20

function of left and right ATRIUMS

Answer 20

collect the blood

Question 21

function of left and right VENTRICLES

Answer 21

pump blood out of the heart

Question 22

what is the pathway of blood through the heart

Answer 22

1. vena cava
2. right atrium
3. right ventricle
4. pulmonary artery
5. lungs
6. pulmonary vein
7. left atrium
8. left ventricle
9. aorta
10. body tissues