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Path questions imperialendo.co.uk > Calcium metabolism > Flashcards

Calcium metabolism Flashcards

1
Q

Choose the most appropriate answer from the list

  • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
  • Drug Toxicity
  • Secondary Hyperparathyroidsm
  • Osteomalacia
  • Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
  • Osteoporosis
  • Lymphoma
  • Multiple Endocrine Neoplase 1
  • Addison’s Disease
  • Myeloma
  • Normal
  • Sarcoidosis
  • Vitamin D Deficiency
  • FHH (Familial Hypercalciuric Hypercalcaemia)

A 22-year-old rugby player wearing a Halo brace after recent spinal surgery presents with increased urinary frequency and malaise. His calcium is 2.64.

A

Normal

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2
Q

Choose the most appropriate answer from the list

  • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
  • Drug Toxicity
  • Secondary Hyperparathyroidsm
  • Osteomalacia
  • Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
  • Osteoporosis
  • Lymphoma
  • Multiple Endocrine Neoplase 1
  • Addison’s Disease
  • Myeloma
  • Normal
  • Sarcoidosis
  • Vitamin D Deficiency
  • FHH (Familial Hypercalciuric Hypercalcaemia)

A 62-year-old gentleman presents with backache, fatigue and increased urinary frequency. Biochemistry reveals a calcium of 3.12 and a high ESR.

A

Myeloma

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3
Q

Choose the most appropriate answer from the list

  • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
  • Drug Toxicity
  • Secondary Hyperparathyroidsm
  • Osteomalacia
  • Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
  • Osteoporosis
  • Lymphoma
  • Multiple Endocrine Neoplase 1
  • Addison’s Disease
  • Myeloma
  • Normal
  • Sarcoidosis
  • Vitamin D Deficiency
  • FHH (Familial Hypercalciuric Hypercalcaemia)

A 45 year old lady with long-term bipolar disease has a calcium of 2.71 on routine bloods.

A

Drug Toxicity

Lithium can have this effect (hyper/hypo para/thyroidism)

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4
Q

Choose the most appropriate answer from the list

  • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
  • Drug Toxicity
  • Secondary Hyperparathyroidsm
  • Osteomalacia
  • Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
  • Osteoporosis
  • Lymphoma
  • Multiple Endocrine Neoplase 1
  • Addison’s Disease
  • Myeloma
  • Normal
  • Sarcoidosis
  • Vitamin D Deficiency
  • FHH (Familial Hypercalciuric Hypercalcaemia)

A 35-year-old lady presents with erythema nodosum and a cough. A chest radiograph reveals bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy. Biochemistry reveals a serum calcium of 2.61

A

Sarcoidosis

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5
Q

Choose the most appropriate answer from the list

  • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
  • Drug Toxicity
  • Secondary Hyperparathyroidsm
  • Osteomalacia
  • Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
  • Osteoporosis
  • Lymphoma
  • Multiple Endocrine Neoplase 1
  • Addison’s Disease
  • Myeloma
  • Normal
  • Sarcoidosis
  • Vitamin D Deficiency
  • FHH (Familial Hypercalciuric Hypercalcaemia)

A 70-year-old male with end stage renal failure. Calcium levels of 3.2 and a raised phosphate and PTH are found.

A

Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism

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6
Q

Choose the most appropriate answer from the list

  • Myeloma
  • Lymphoma
  • ‘Milk-alkali’ syndrome
  • Paget’s Disease
  • Thiazide diuretics
  • Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia
  • Primary hyperparathyroidism
  • Sarcoidosis
  • Iatrogenic
  • Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
  • Addison’s disease
  • Bisphosphonates toxicity
  • Thyrotoxicosis
  • Chronic kidney disease
  • Lithium toxicity
  • Acute pancreatitis

A 67 year old gentleman presents in clinic with fever, night sweats and weight loss. On further examination, he was found to have generalised lymphadenopathy.

A

Lymphoma

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7
Q

Choose the most appropriate answer from the list

  • Myeloma
  • Lymphoma
  • ‘Milk-alkali’ syndrome
  • Paget’s Disease
  • Thiazide diuretics
  • Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia
  • Primary hyperparathyroidism
  • Sarcoidosis
  • Iatrogenic
  • Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
  • Addison’s disease
  • Bisphosphonates toxicity
  • Thyrotoxicosis
  • Chronic kidney disease
  • Lithium toxicity
  • Acute pancreatitis

A 23 year old female presents with anxiety, nausea, light-headedness when standing upright. Further examination reveals low blood pressure when standing and hyperpigmentation of the skin. Her blood test shows hypercalcaemia, hyponatraemia, hyperkalaemia and hypoglycaemia.

A

Addison’s disease

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8
Q

Choose the most appropriate answer from the list

  • Myeloma
  • Lymphoma
  • ‘Milk-alkali’ syndrome
  • Paget’s Disease
  • Thiazide diuretics
  • Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia
  • Primary hyperparathyroidism
  • Sarcoidosis
  • Iatrogenic
  • Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
  • Addison’s disease
  • Bisphosphonates toxicity
  • Thyrotoxicosis
  • Chronic kidney disease
  • Lithium toxicity
  • Acute pancreatitis

Ms. Greene, 35yrs of age, currently on treatment for bipolar disorder presented in clinic complaining of weight gain, nausea and headache. On examination, a fine tremor was noted.

A

Lithium toxicity

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9
Q

Choose the most appropriate answer from the list

  • Myeloma
  • Lymphoma
  • ‘Milk-alkali’ syndrome
  • Paget’s Disease
  • Thiazide diuretics
  • Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia
  • Primary hyperparathyroidism
  • Sarcoidosis
  • Iatrogenic
  • Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
  • Addison’s disease
  • Bisphosphonates toxicity
  • Thyrotoxicosis
  • Chronic kidney disease
  • Lithium toxicity
  • Acute pancreatitis

Mr. Smith with previous history of dyspepsia presented with abdominal pain, fatigue and altered mental status. Routine blood test reveal hypercalcaemia.

A

‘Milk-alkali’ syndrome

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10
Q

Choose the most appropriate answer from the list

  • Myeloma
  • Lymphoma
  • ‘Milk-alkali’ syndrome
  • Paget’s Disease
  • Thiazide diuretics
  • Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia
  • Primary hyperparathyroidism
  • Sarcoidosis
  • Iatrogenic
  • Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
  • Addison’s disease
  • Bisphosphonates toxicity
  • Thyrotoxicosis
  • Chronic kidney disease
  • Lithium toxicity
  • Acute pancreatitis

A 59 year old woman complaining of muscle cramps, irritability and restlessness. She is currently on medication for hypertension and routine blood tests reveal glucose levels of 10mmol/L, raised cholesterol, Na+125mmol/L, K+ 2.9mmol/L and Ca2+ 3.0mmol/L

A

Thiazide diuretics

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Path questions imperialendo.co.uk (44 decks)

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