topic 9 Flashcards
describe the course of the saphenous nerve through the lower limb and its motor and sensory distribution
the saphenous nerve is a branch of the femoral nerve. The femoral nerve becomes the saphenous nerve as it passes through the adductor canal, and courses through the the medial thigh to the great toe.
it has no motor distribution but supplies the skin of the medial thigh down to the base of the great toe.
describe the course of the tibial nerve through the lower limb and its motor and sensory distribution
the tibial nerve is a branch of the sciatic nerve. The sciatic nerve divides into the tibial nerve as well as the common peroneal nerve at the apex of the popliteal fossa. it courses through the posterior compartment of the leg muscles between the heads of gastrocnemius, down around the medial malleolus and then splits into the medial and lateral plantar nerve.
Its motor distribution includes both the superficial and deep muscles of the posterior leg and sensory distribution is the posterior skin of the knee, leg and ankle joint.
describe the course of the common peroneal nerve through the lower limb and its motor and sensory distribution
the common peroneal nerve is a branch of the sciatic nerve. The sciatic nerve divides into the common peroneal at the apex of the popliteal fossa. It continues down to wrap around the fibula neck before it divides into the deep and superficial peroneal nerve.
it has no direct motor distribution but its branches do. Its sensory distribution is the knee joint, skin of anterior, posterior and lateral upper leg.
describe the course of the deep peroneal nerve through the lower limb and its motor and sensory distribution
the deep peroneal nerve is a branch of the common peroneal nerve that runs through the interosseous membrane in the leg.
it motor distribution includes tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum, peroneus tertius and extensor digitorum brevis.
its sensory distribution is the skin between digits 1 and 2.
describe the course of the superficial peroneal nerve through the lower limb and its motor and sensory distribution
the superficial peroneal nerve is a branch of the common peroneal nerve that runs from through the lateral compartment of the leg muscles and supplies peroneus longus and brevis.
its sensory distribution is the skin between digits 1 and 2.
describe the course of the sural nerve through the lower limb and its motor and sensory distribution
the sural nerve forms by the union of the tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve in the upper posterior compartment of the leg muscles.
it has no motor distribution and its sensory distribution includes the skin of the lateral and posterior leg, heel and skin of the lateral side of the sole.
it runs down the posterior compartment of the leg, behind the medial malleolus and terminates as the lateral dorsal cutaneous nerve.
describe the course of the medial plantar nerve through the lower limb and its motor and sensory distribution
the medial plantar nerve is a branch of the tibial nerve that branches on the plantar side of foot and runs to the medial plantar side of the foot.
its motor distribution is the abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis and flexor hallucis longus as well as the 1st lumbrical.
its sensory distribution is the skin of medial 3 and half digits and corresponding sole.
describe the course of the lateral plantar nerve through the lower limb and its motor and sensory distribution
motor distribution is the flexor digiti minimi brevis, adductor hallucis, 2-4th lumbrical, interossei, abductor digiti minimi and flexor and flexor accessorius.
skin of lateral and 1.5 digits and corresponding heel.
what is hiltons law
hiltons law states that where a nerve supplies a muscle that moves a joint, there will also be a nerve ending in that joint to provide proprioception.
define myatome and dermatomes
myotomes - a group of muscles supplied by one spinal nerve via its dorsal and ventral rami.
dermatomes - are an area of skin supplied by one spinal nerve. Is less clinically reliable than myotomes.
where is the femoral nerve most vulnerable
inguinal ligament
- motor loss - quadricpets femoris, sartoris, pectineus. iliarcus is not affected because it is above inguinal ligament.
- sensory loss - loss of skin sesnation @ anterior, medial thigh and medial leg and foot.
functional loss - gait.
