Topic 12

Question 1

define gait

Answer 1

a cyclical repetition sequence of limb motions to move the body forward.

2 phases - stance (contact with ground) and swing (no contact with ground)

Question 2

list all the phases of gait

Answer 2

initial contact
loading response
mid-stance
terminal stance

pre-swing
initial swing
mid-swing
terminal swing

Question 3

during gait muscles function to….

Answer 3

produce appropriate movements required for locomotion
accelerate/decelerate body parts
stabilise body parts for efficient movement

Question 4

hip motion during gait

Answer 4

hip motion allows pelvis and trunk to remain erect whilst body weight moves over supporting foot.

Question 5

knee motion during gait

Answer 5

knee motion reduces the length of swinging limb and therefore facilitates clearance in swing phase.

Question 6

ankle motion during swing phase

Answer 6

plantarflexion reduces impact of heel contact @ loading response.

dorsiflexion through mid-stance to terminal stance facilitates advancement of body weight over foot.

plantarflexion prepares limb for swing phase by transforming extended knee into freely flexing joint.

dorsiflexion during swing allows for foot clearance.

Question 7

pelvic motion during gait

Answer 7

movement is lift/drop

there is small ROM because of the tendency for pelvic drop on the side of the swing (on-supported side)
- to level this out we activate hip adductors.

Question 8

what is a pathological change during pelvic motion

Answer 8

trendelenburg - - failure to activate hip adductors during swing to prevent pelvic drop because of weak adductors on stance leg.

Question 9

role of gravity during gait

Answer 9

static anatomical position - CoG falls just anterior to ventebrae.

durign gait -