Innate Immunity Flashcards
Describe Innate immunity
Not specific Fast and active No memory Complement activation Neutrophil and macrophage action
What are the preventative barriers in innate immunity
Physical = Skin, mucus and cilia Chemical = Lysozyme and stomach acid
What is the Complement system and how does it work
Destroys foreign antigens
- Direct lysis = MAC formation (Attack membrane)
- Opsonisation = Phagocytosis (C36)
- Inflammation = Macrophage chemotaxis
How does Innate immunity compare to Adaptive immunity
Less specific Faster Doesn't need activation No memory Complement system used to kill Uses neutrophils and macrophages
What do neutrophils do
Mediate acute inflammation
Release Neutrophil elastase, MPO and Reactive Oxygen species
What are macrophages and what do they do
They clear apoptotic debris
They have-
-Toll Like Receptors, Complement receptors and Ab bound to Fc
What do eosinophils contain and where are they prominent
MPB and found in parasitic infection
What is the difference between mast cell and basophils
Mast cells = fixed to tissue
Basophil = Circulate in body
How is Histamine released
IgE binding = degranulation of basophil and mast cell = Histamine release
What Hypersensitivity reaction are basophils a part of
T1
What is an NK cell
Natural killer (Kills viral host cells)
How do N Cells kill virus
NK activation = degranulation = perforin so Virus wall is perforated
What are the two immunological receptors found against pathogens
Toll Like Recptors
Nod Like receptors
Free in blood? lectin
What do TLR respond to
PAMP and DAMP
-Pathogen
Associated Molecular Patterns
-Damage
What is an Antigen Presenting Cell
Interface between Innate and Acquired immunity
Present foreign antigens to Th Cell
