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Clinical Anatomy > pelvis > Flashcards

pelvis Flashcards

1
Q

describe the false pelvis

A

related to the ilium, lower lumbar vertebrae
part of the abdomen
sigmoid colon, cecum

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2
Q

describe the true pelvis

A

related to pubis, ischium, sacrum
bound by inlet and outlet
urinary and reproductive organs

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3
Q

the sacrospinous ligament attachest to the sacrum and what other structure

A

ischial spine

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4
Q

what structures exit the greater sciatic foramen

A 
Piriformis muscle
Pudendal nerve
Inferior gluteal nerve
Superior gluteal nerve
Sciatic nerve
PPISS
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5
Q

what structure exits the lesser sciatic foramen

A

obturator internus muscle

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6
Q

what structure enters lesser sciatic foramen

A

pudendal nerve

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7
Q

what muscles make up the pelvic diaphragm

A

coccygeus +

levator ani: iliococcygeus, pubococcygeus, puborectalis

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8
Q

what is the innervation of the pelvic floor

A

oudendal nerve (S2-S4)

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9
Q

what symptoms are observed with a weakened pelvic floor

A

urinary incontinence

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10
Q

where is the perineum located

A

diamond-shape region inferior to the pelvic diaphragm

between the thighs

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11
Q

what is the function of the perineum

A

contains and support pelvic viscera (bladder, rectum, anal canal, reproductive organs)
anchor the roots of the external genitalia

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12
Q

where is the perineal body located and what is its function

A

between the urogenital and anal angle triangle
center point of the perineum

point of attachment for muscle fibers from the pelvic floor and perineum itself

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13
Q

what muscles are included in the superficial UG space

A

superficial transverse perineal

bulbospingiosus

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14
Q

what muscles are included in the deep space of the UG diaphragm muscles

A

external urethral sphincter

deep transverse perineal

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15
Q

what structures are contained in the anal triangle

A 
anal aperture (opening)
external anal sphincter
ischio-anal fossae (2)
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16
Q

the perineal membrane divides the UG triangle into

A

deep perineal space

superficial perineal space

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17
Q

what muscles are contained in the superficial perineal space

A

ischiocavernosus
bulbospongiosus
superficial transverse perineal muscle

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18
Q

what erectile tissue/glands are contained in the superficial perineal space

A

crus of clitorus/penis
bulb of vestribule/clitorus/penis
perineal membrane
greater vestibular gland

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19
Q

what muscles are contained in the deep perineal space

A

deep transverse perineal muscle

external urethral spincter

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20
Q

what is the clinical significance of the external urethral sphincter muscle

A

urinary continence

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21
Q

what muscles are considered levator ani muscles

A

puborectalis
pubococcygeus
iliococcygeus

22
Q

which of the following would be found within the superficial space?

s. deep transverse perineal muscle
d. greater vestibular glands
c. bulbourethral glands
d. sphincter urethrae muscle

A

greater vestibular glands

present in females

23
Q

what is the nerve root of of the iliohyprgastric nerve

A

L1

24
Q

what is the nerve root of the ilioinguinal nerve

A

L1

25
Q

what is the nerve root of the genitofemoral nerve

A

L1-L2

26
Q

what is the nerve root of the lateral cutaneous femoral nerve

A

L2-L3

27
Q

what is the nerve root of the femoral nerve

A

L2-L4

28
Q

what is the nerve root of the obturator nerve

A

L2-L4

29
Q

what is the nerve root of the superior gluteal nerve

A

L4-S1

30
Q

what is the nerve root for the inferior gluteal nerve

A

L5-S2

31
Q

what is the nerve root for the sciatic nerve

A

L4-S3

32
Q

what is the nerve roots of the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve

A

S1-S3

33
Q

what is the nerve root for obturator inerns

A

L5-S2

34
Q

what is the innervation of the quadratus frmoris

A

L4-S1

35
Q

what is the nerve roots for the pudendal nerve

A

S2-S4

36
Q

what structures are contained in the pudendal canal

A

pudendal nerve
internal pudendal artery
internal pudendal vein

37
Q

what pelvic nerves are considered sympathetic

A

sacral splanchnic

hypogastric

38
Q

what pelvic nerves are considered parasympathetic

A

pelvic splanchnic (S2-S4)

39
Q

what is the function of the sympathetic/ sacral splanchnics/hypogastric nerves

A

vasoconstriction
contraction internal urethral and anal sphincters
ejaculation

40
Q

what is the function of the parasympathetic/pelvic splanchnic nerves of the pelvis

A

vasodilation
stimulate bladder contraction for urination
stimulate defecation
stimulate erection

41
Q

what nerve innervates the perineum

A

pudendal

somatic innervation

42
Q

what artery arises from the anterior trunk of the internal iliac artery

A

inferior gluteal artery

43
Q

what artery does the ovarian artery arise from

A

directly from abdominal aorta

44
Q

where does the iliolumbar artery arise from

A

posterior trunk of internal iliac artery

45
Q

what is the order that urine takes starting at the nephron and ending at the urethra

A

renal tubules of nephron > collecting ducts > papillary ducts > minor calyces > major calyces > renal pelvis > ureter > urinary bladder > urethra

46
Q

why are women more prone to UTIs than men?

A

the length of the urethra is longer in men vs women

47
Q

what is the most common site of fertilization within the uterine tube

A

ampulla

48
Q

what is the difference between the ovarian ligament and he suspensory ligament of ovary

A

the suspensory ligament of ovary contains the ovarian artery and vein
ovarian ligament contains no arteries or veins

49
Q

what is the function of the mesosalpix ligament

A

suspends uterine tube

50
Q

what is the function of the mesovarium ligament

A

attaches to the ovary and covers ovarian ligament

51
Q

what is the function of the mesometrium ligament

A

extends from lateral pelvic wall to the body of uterus

Clinical Anatomy (14 decks)

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