Respiratory Disorders

Question 1

A client with on a morphine epidural infusion is at highest risk for ? [. . .]

Answer 1

respiratory depression

Question 2

Albuterol is a what type of agonist ? [. . .]

Answer 2

B2 agonist

Question 3

A child with asthma assessed for the presence or absence of intercostal retractions during ? [. . .]

Answer 3

Inspiration

Question 4

During Epiglottitis the child adopts a famous position called ? [. . .]

Answer 4

Tripoding

Question 5

In Asthma the smooth muscles of the [. . .] and [. . .] constrict ?

Answer 5

bronchi and bronchioles

Question 6

What is the most critical problem in cystic fibrosis? [. . .]

Answer 6

Lung insufficiency

Question 7

Cystic fibrosis is usually found in a ? [. . .]

Answer 7

white infant or child

Question 8

The nursing care of children with communicable diseases is virtually the same for all, regardless of the ? [. . .]

Answer 8

particular disease

Question 9

Meconium ileus at birth (10% to 20% of cases) is seen in what patient? [. . .]

Answer 9

Cystic Fibrosis

Question 10

Administer fatsoluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) in water soluble form for what type of patients? [. . .]

Answer 10

Cystic Fibrosis

Question 11

IPV is contraindicated for those with history of anaphylactic reaction to ? [. . .]

Answer 11

neomycin or streptomycin

Question 12

Its usually caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) ? [. . .]

Answer 12

Bronchiolitis

Question 13

Patients with Bronchiolitis present with a history of upper respiratory symptoms and an unusual cough called ? [. . .]

Answer 13

Paroxysmal coughing

Question 14

Bronchiolitis (RSV) patients need to be monitored for [Blank] and observe for [Blank] ? [. . .]

Answer 14

respiratory status and hypoxia

Question 15

Nasal congestion and Nasal flaring are usually seen in respiratory patients with ? [. . .]

Answer 15

Bronchiolitis

Question 16

Bronchiolitis is usually caused by ? [. . .]

Answer 16

respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

Question 17

Isolation of choice for RSV is [. . .]

Answer 17

contact isolation

Question 18

It is used in the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infections and it is recommended for infants that are high-risk and younger than 2 years of age with a history of prematurity, lung disease, or congenital heart disease). Administer ? [. . .]

Answer 18

Palivizumab

Question 19

In planning and providing nursing care, a patent airway is always the priority of care, in what age groups? [. . .]

Answer 19

all age group, all patients #1

Question 20

Inflammatory disorder of the middle ear is ? [. . .]

Answer 20

Otitis Media

Question 21

Two types of Otiitis Media ? [. . .]

Answer 21

Suppurative or Serous

Question 22

In this pediatric patients there is a risk for conductive hearing loss if untreated or incompletely treated. What disease can lead to this? [. . .]

Answer 22

Otitis Media

Question 23

In otitis media reducing body temperture (fever) is a very high priority because of risk of ? [. . .]

Answer 23

seizures

Question 24

Otitis media child need to be positioned on the ? [. . .]

Answer 24

affected side

Question 25

Teach preventive care (smoking and bottle feeding when child is in supine position are predisposing factors) to? [. . .]

Answer 25

Otitis media

Question 26

There are two types of Tonsillitis ? [. . .]

Answer 26

viral or bacterial

Question 27

Tonsillitis may be related to infection by ? [. . .]

Answer 27

Streptococcus

Question 28

Tonsilitis if related to strep, treatment is very important because of the risk for developing acute ? [. . .]

Answer 28

glomerulonephritis or rheumatic heart disease.

Question 29

Encourage warm saline gargles for what patient? [. . .]

Answer 29

Tonsolitis patients

Question 30

Describe the purpose of bronchodilators. [. . .]

Answer 30

to reverse bronchospasm

Question 31

Why is genetic counseling important for the family of a child with cystic fibrosis? [. . .]

Answer 31

Because the disease is autosomal recessive in its genetic pattern

Question 32

Why are IV fluids important for a child with an increased respiratory rate? [. . .]

Answer 32

risk of dehydration and acid-base imbalance

Question 33

What is the most common postoperative complication following a tonsillectomy? [. . .]

Answer 33

Hemorrhage

Question 34

Describe the signs and symptoms of the hemorrhage complication in patients who just received a tonsollectomy? [. . .]

Answer 34

frequent swallong, vomiting fresh blood, clearing throat

Question 35

When these pediatric patients have fever and pain the infant may pull at ear ? [. . .]

Answer 35

Otitis Media

Question 36

What are the physical assessment findings for a child with asthma? [. . .]

Answer 36

Expiratory wheezingRalesTigh CoughAltered blood gas

Question 37

This disease can impair the functioning of multiple systems including gastrointestinal, respiratory, and endocrine, although the most debilitating and life-threatening illnesses involve the pulmonary system. [. . .]

Answer 37

Cystic fibrosis

Question 38

These clients have excessive and thick respiratory secretions which make it difficult to breathe and places them at increased risk of infections such as pneumonia and bronchiectasis. [. . .]

Answer 38

Cystic fibrosis

Question 39

what is an airway clearance technique for patients with Cystic fibrosis? [. . .]

Answer 39

Chest physiotherapy (CPT)

Question 40

Chest physiotherapy (CPT) can be done manually or mechanically via? [. . .]

Answer 40

using palm percussors and vibrators

Question 41

The most severe and well known symptom of Cystic fibrosis is? [. . .]

Answer 41

the production of thick respiratory secretions

Question 42

Chest physiotherapy (CPT) should be performed how many times a day? [. . .]

Answer 42

at least once per day, regardless of whether the child is experiencing shortness of breath or coughing.

Question 43

Procedure that helps remove sticky secretions that cause ineffective airway clearance [. . .]

Answer 43

Chest physiotherapy

Question 44

[. . .] , is used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure and will not impact the results of allergy skin testing

Answer 44

Enalapril, an ACE inhibitor

Question 45

[. . .] does not have antihistamine properties and will not interfere with allergy skin testing

Answer 45

Acetaminophen

Question 46

To ensure an accurate result, the client should avoid [. . .] for up to 2 weeks prior to the test

Answer 46

antihistamines

Question 47

[. . .] , an inhaled shortacting beta adrenergic agonist, will not interfere with allergy skin testing results and should not be discontinued, as it is necessary to ensure client safety during acute asthma exacerbations

Answer 47

Albuterol

Question 48

[. . .] is a genetic disorder involving the cells lining the respiratory, gastrointestinal (GI), and reproductive tracts

Answer 48

Cystic fibrosis (CF)

Question 49

These abnormal secretions plug smaller airway passages and ducts in the [. . .] , which can impair digestive enzymes and result in ineffective absorption of essential nutrients. These sticky respiratory secretions lead to a chronic cough and inability to clear the airway, eventually causing chronic lung disease (bronchiectasis). As a result of these changes, the client’s life span is shortened; most affected individuals live only into their 30s.

Answer 49

GI tract

Question 50

[. . .] is beneficial to promote removal of airway secretions, improve muscle strength, and increase lung capacity

Answer 50

Aerobic exercise

Question 51

A diet high in [. . .] is recommended due to defective digestive enzymes and impaired nutrient absorption

Answer 51

fat and calories

Question 52

Clients with cystic fibrosis should have a diet [. . .] to combat nutrient malabsorption

Answer 52

high in fat and calories

Question 53

[. . .] toxicity can occur when fuelburning (eg, wood, coal) stoves or appliances are used in poorly ventilated settings.

Answer 53

Carbon monoxide (CO)

Question 54

Clients with CO toxicity may have vague symptoms (eg, [. . .] ), so it is important to assess for possible CO exposure to prevent delay of appropriate emergency care.

Answer 54

headache, dizziness, nausea

Question 55

[. . .] is most often associated with smoke inhalation from structure fires, but is also generated by furnaces/hot water heaters fueled by natural gas or oil, coal or wood stoves, fireplaces, and engine exhaust.

Answer 55

CO toxicity (poisoning)

Question 56

[. . .] appliances; risk of CO toxicity increases in the fall and winter due to increased used of heat sources in an enclosed space

Answer 56

Fuelburning heating/cooking

Question 57

[. . .] , an inhaled shortacting beta adrenergic agonist

Answer 57

Albuterol

Question 58

Acetaminophen does not have [. . .] properties and will not interfere with allergy skin testing.

Answer 58

antihistamine

Question 59

To ensure an accurate allergy skin testing result, the client should avoid [. . .] for up to 2 weeks prior to the test

Answer 59

antihistamines

Question 60

[. . .] is a disorder of the lungs characterized by reversible airway hyperreactivity and chronic inflammation of the airways.

Answer 60

Asthma

Question 61

Albuterol (Proventil) is a [. . .] associated with intermittent or persistent asthma.

Answer 61

shortacting beta agonist (SABA) administered as a quickrelief, rescue drug to relieve symptoms

Question 62

[. . .] is an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) normally used as a longterm, firstline drug to control chronic airway inflammation.

Answer 62

Beclomethasone (Beconase)

Question 63

When using an ICS metereddose inhaler (MDI), small particles of the medication are deposited and can impact (what part) [. . .] . Rinsing the mouth and throat well after using the MDI and not swallowing the water are recommended to help prevent a Candida infection (thrush) (white spots on tongue, buccal mucosa, and throat), a common side effect of ICSs.

Answer 63

the tongue and mouth

Question 64

The use of a [. . .] with the inhaler can also decrease the risk of developing thrush

Answer 64

spacer

Question 65

It is important for the nurse to clarify indications and sequencing as the SABA is a rescue drug taken on an [. . .] and is not always taken with the ICSI

Answer 65

asneeded basis

Question 66

Inhaled corticosteroids (eg, fluticasone, beclomethasone) are not [. . .] . They are prescribed to be taken on a regular schedule (eg, morning, bedtime) on a longterm basis to prevent exacerbations and should not be omitted even if the SABA is effective.

Answer 66

rescue drugs

Question 67

When these medications are administered together, the sequence is [. . .] first to open the airways and ICS second

Answer 67

SABA

Question 68

Proper use of the shortacting beta agonist (SABA) inhaler includes taking it apart and rinsing the mouthpiece with warm water [. . .] times a week

Answer 68

1–2

Question 69

The [. . .] is the most appropriate oxygen delivery device to apply at this time because it is comfortable, used for the short term, inexpensive, and permits the client to eat and drink fluids.

Answer 69

nasal cannula

Question 70

Nasal Canulas can supply adequate oxygen concentrations of up to [. . .]

Answer 70

44%

Question 71

The [. . .] is used in emergencies, delivers high concentrations of oxygen (up to 90%–95%), requires a tight face seal, and is restrictive and uncomfortable.

Answer 71

nonrebreather mask

Question 72

The [. . .] mask is a more expensive device used to deliver a guaranteed oxygen concentration to clients with unstable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. These clients cannot tolerate changes in oxygen concentration.

Answer 72

Venturi

Question 73

Epiglottitis should be considered first in a 37yearold child with [. . .] , toxic appearance (^^eg, sitting up, leaning forward, drooling), stridor, and highgrade fever.^^

Answer 73

acute respiratory distress

Question 74

When assessing a client with symptoms suggestive of [. . .] (eg, ^^acutely ill, drooling, leaning forward, dyspnea^^), the nurse should prepare for an emergency airway.

Answer 74

epiglottitis

Question 75

Its a bronchodilator with a low therapeutic index and a narrow therapeutic range (1020 mcg/mL)? [. . .]

Answer 75

Theophylline

Question 76

Theophylline can cause seizures and [. . .] .

Answer 76

lifethreatening arrhythmias

Question 77

[. . .] and ciprofloxacin can dramatically increase serum theophylline levels (80%). Therefore, they should not be used in these clients.

Answer 77

Cimetidine

Question 78

[. . .] causes thickened mucus, making respiratory infections common.

Answer 78

Cystic fibrosis

Question 79

Treatment for Cystic Fibrosis typically performed usually before meals and going to bed? [. . .]

Answer 79

chest physiotherapy

Question 80

Cystic fibrosis is an inherited [. . .] disorder of the exocrine glands that results in physiologic alterations in the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and reproductive systems.

Answer 80

autosomal recessive

Question 81

A white pupil (leukocoria, or cat’seye reflex) is one of the first signs of [. . .] , an intraocular malignancy of the retina. (not related to CF)

Answer 81

retinoblastoma

Question 82

[. . .] is defined as inadequate gas exchange that is intrapulmonary (pneumonia, pulmonary embolism) or extrapulmonary (head injury, opioid overdose) in origin.

Answer 82

ARF

Question 83

Type I hypoxemic failure is associated with an alteration in transfer of [. . .] (eg, acute respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary edema, shock).

Answer 83

Oxygen

Question 84

Type II hypercapnic, or ventilatory, failure is associated with [. . .] (eg, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, myasthenia gravis, flail chest).

Answer 84

CO2 retention

Question 85

The therapeutic effect [. . .] is relaxation of the smooth muscles of the airways, which results in immediate bronchodilation

Answer 85

Albuterol

Question 86

The [. . .] machine will provide positive pressure oxygen and expel CO2 from the lungs.

Answer 86

bilevel positive airway pressure (BIPAP)

Question 87

This client is already showing signs of [. . .] and confusion, which is usually a late indicator of respiratory decline.

Answer 87

lethargy

Question 88

Nebulizer treatments are commonly part of the treatment plan for a client with [. . .] . However, these do not take priority when the client has CO2 retention and is deteriorating.

Answer 88

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Question 89

Steroid therapy is a common pharmaceutical intervention for [. . .] exacerbation, but it does not take priority over BIPAP in this deteriorating client. In addition, steroids take hours to days to have an effect.

Answer 89

COPD

Question 90

[. . .] is an effective treatment to decrease CO2 levels in clients with hypercapnic respiratory failure.

Answer 90

BIPAP therapy

Question 91

[. . .] and peak expiratory flow are the best indicators of treatment effectiveness during an acute asthma attack.

Answer 91

Improvements in oxygen saturation

Question 92

[. . .] is the best indicator of treatment effectiveness as it reflects gas exchange.

Answer 92

Oxygen saturation

Question 93

[. . .] is a chronic condition characterized by inflammation, swelling, and narrowing of the airways in the lungs.

Answer 93

Asthma

Question 94

Treatment of an acute asthma attack can include nebulized breathing treatment with a [. . .] , and oral or IV corticosteroids.

Answer 94

shortacting betaagonist medication such as albuterol

Question 95

The absence of wheezes may indicate [. . .] or progression of airway swelling to the point of little air flowing through the lungs or complete closure of the airways

Answer 95

resolution of the attack

Question 96

[. . .] , by measuring how much air a person can exhale, indicates the amount of airway obstruction.

Answer 96

Peak expiratory flow rate

Question 97

The albuterol canister should be [. . .] prior to inhalation to ensure appropriate medication delivery.

Answer 97

shaken

Question 98

[. . .] is a common side effect of anticholinergic drugs that can be alleviated with sugarfree candies or gum.

Answer 98

Xerostomia

Question 99

[. . .] should not be swallowed. These capsules are placed inside the inhaler device, and the capsule is pierced, allowing the client to inhale its contents

Answer 99

Tiotropium capsules

Question 100

The adequacy of oxygenation and ventilation in a client with respiratory failure is best evaluated through [. . .]

Answer 100

ABG analysis.

Question 101

Hypercapnic respiratory failure means that there’s too much [. . .] in your blood, and near normal or not enough oxygen in your blood.

Answer 101

carbon dioxide

Question 102

The HFCWO vest’s rapid vibrations may induce [. . .] in some clients. Therefore, the client should avoid meals and snacks 1 hour before, during, or 2 hours following CPT to prevent gastrointestinal upset

Answer 102

nausea and vomiting

Question 103

CPT can be administered using various methods, including [. . .] of the chest wall with cupped hands.

Answer 103

percussion (ie, clapping)

Question 104

CPT should be performed at least [. . .] a day, and more often if needed.

Answer 104

twice

Question 105

This treatment is an important component of treatment for clients with cystic fibrosis. [. . .]

Answer 105

Chest physiotherapy (CPT)

Question 106

A [. . .] vest is a common method of performing CPT

Answer 106

highfrequency chest wall oscillation

Question 107

The [. . .] is a handheld device used to measure peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and is most helpful for clients with moderate to severe asthma.

Answer 107

peak flow meter

Question 108

Impaired gas exchange is a deficit in [. . .] and/or elimination of carbon dioxide at the alveolarcapillary membrane.

Answer 108

oxygenation

Question 109

By assessing the client’s [. . .] , the nurse can determine the severity of the symptoms (eg. asthma).

Answer 109

peak expiratory flow

Question 110

A [. . .] is often the earliest sign of an asthma exacerbation in children.

Answer 110

cough

Question 111

Codeine is an opioid drug prescribed as an [. . .] to treat mild to moderate pain and as an antitussive to suppress the cough reflex.

Answer 111

analgesic

Question 112

Two groups of commonly used drugs, [. . .] , have the potential to cause problems for clients with asthma.

Answer 112

nsaids and beta blockers

Question 113

[. . .] andaspirin are common overthecounter antiinflammatory drugs that can cause bronchospasm in some clients with asthma.

Answer 113

Ibuprofen

Question 114

[. . .] is an inflammatory condition in which the smaller airways constrict and become filled with mucus. Breathing, especially on expiration, becomes more difficult.

Answer 114

Asthma

Question 115

Quick relief medications (eg, [. . .] , pratropium are used to treat acute symptoms and exacerbations.

Answer 115

albuterol

Question 116

Inhaled [. . .] and leukotriene inhibitors are typically used to achieve and maintain control of inflammation for longterm management of asthma.

Answer 116

corticosteroids

Question 117

[. . .] exposure can be greatly reduced by washing bed linens every 12 weeks with hot water.

Answer 117

Dust mite allergen

Question 118

The [. . .] is a common site of allergen exposure.

Answer 118

bed

Question 119

Montelukast (Singulair) is a leukotriene (chemical mediator of inflammation) inhibitor and is not used to treat acute episodes. It is given orally in combination with beta agonists and corticosteroid inhalers (eg, fluticasone, budesonide) to provide [. . .]

Answer 119

longterm asthma control

Question 120

which device can deliver adequate oxygen concentrations and is best for clients with adequate tidal volume and normal vital signs [. . .]

Answer 120

nasal cannula

Question 121

The nonrebreathing reservoir mask can deliver [. . .] oxygen concentrations and is usually used short term. It is often used for clients with low saturations resulting from asthma, pneumonia, trauma, and severe sepsis; it is not the most appropriate device for a COPD client in this situation.

Answer 121

60%–95%

Question 122

Highflow oxygen delivery devices [. . .] deliver oxygen concentrations that do not vary with breathing patterns.

Answer 122

eg, Venturi mask, mechanical ventilator

Question 123

[. . .] disease is a neurological condition that increases the risk for aspiration and aspiration pneumonia, a common cause of death in clients with swallowing dysfunction.

Answer 123

Alzheimer

Question 124

Place in [. . .] position – quickly maximizes ability to expand lungs, promotes oxygenation, and helps to decrease risk of further aspiration

Answer 124

High Fowler’s

Question 125

It is used for longterm control of asthma but not for acute attacks. [. . .]

Answer 125

Fluticasone/salmeterol (Advair)

Question 126

[. . .] is a combination drug containing a corticosteroid (fluticasone) and a bronchodilator (salmeterol).

Answer 126

Fluticasone/salmeterol (Advair)

Question 127

After taking [. . .] the client instructions include the following. After inhalation, rinse the mouth with water without swallowing to reduce the risk of oral/esophageal candidiasis

Answer 127

Fluticasone/salmeterol (Advair)

Question 128

A [. . .] involves the insertion of a largebore needle through an intercostal space to remove excess fluid.

Answer 128

thoracentesis

Question 129

If secretions are thick and difficult to remove, increasing [. . .] not suctioning time, is indicated.

Answer 129

hydration

Question 130

Aerosol therapy may induce [. . .] in certain individuals and can be relieved by use of a bronchodilator (albuterol).

Answer 130

bronchospasm

Question 131

Aerosols of sterile normal saline or mucolytics such as [. . .] (Mucomyst) administered by nebulizer can also be used to thin the thick secretions, but water should NOT be used.

Answer 131

acetylcysteine

Question 132

A [. . .] means that fluid has accumulated in the pleural space and is most often found in the bases.

Answer 132

pleural effusion

Question 133

The nurse uses auscultation to assess the movement of air through the [. . .] and detect absent or adventitious sounds.

Answer 133

tracheobronchial tree

Question 134

When auscultating the anterior chest of the client with a right basilar effusion, the stethoscope should be placed on the right side of the chest, near the [. . .] . That area corresponds to the base of the right lung.

Answer 134

fifth or sixth intercostal space

Question 135

The areas near the clavicle correspond to the [. . .] of the lungs.

Answer 135

apex or apices

Question 136

After a tonsillectomy, [. . .] from the surgical site is a potential complications.

Answer 136

bleeding

Question 137

Croup and epiglottitis are types of [. . .] inflammation that can lead to airway obstruction, requiring emergency treatment.

Answer 137

laryngeal

Question 138

[. . .] can be a cause of confusion and is an indicator that the client requires more oxygen.

Answer 138

Cerebral hypoxia

Question 139

The lower airway consists of the [. . .]

Answer 139

trachea, right and left main stem bronchi, five secondary bronchi and bronchioles.

Question 140

The lower airway’s primary function is to [. . .] .

Answer 140

facilitate gas exchange

Question 141

The nurse may observe a barrel chest (increased anteriorposterior diameter) and hear rhonchi breath sounds, which are associated with [. . .] .

Answer 141

chronic bronchitis

Question 142

A normal partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) level ranges from [. . .]

Answer 142

80 to 100 mm Hg

Question 143

Shortness of breath, tachypnea, absent breath sounds and hypoxemia indicate a recurrence of the [. . .] . This is a lifethreatening medical emergency that requires the nurse to prioritize.

Answer 143

pneumothorax

Question 144

is a sympathomimetic drug. Expected side effects mimic manifestations related to stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system, and commonly include insomnia, nausea and vomiting, palpitations (from tachycardia), and mild tremor [. . .]

Answer 144

Albuterol

Question 145

The priority nursing action for clients with a new tracheostomy is to ensure the tube [. . .] .

Answer 145

is placed securely by checking the tightness of ties and allowing for 1 finger to fit under these ties

Question 146

Excess drainage of frank red blood is indicative of [. . .] .

Answer 146

hemorrhage and must be managed immediately

Question 147

To prevent hemorrhage post surgery, the client should avoid [. . .] .

Answer 147

clearing the throat, blowing the nose, and coughing

Question 148

Post operative bleeding manifests with [. . .]

Answer 148

frequent or continuous swallowing and/or cough from the trickling blood

Question 149

Bronchospasm leads to [. . .] .

Answer 149

CO2 trapping and retention

Question 150

is a highflow device that delivers a guaranteed oxygen concentration regardless of the client’s respiratory rate, depth, or tidal volume (TV) [. . .]

Answer 150

The Venturi mask

Question 151

In the presence of tachypnea, shallow breathing with decreased TV, hypercarbia(hypercapnia), and hypoxemia, it is the most appropriate oxygen delivery device for this client as rapid changes in inspired oxygen concentration can blunt the hypoxemic drive to breathe in clients with COPD [. . .]

Answer 151

Venturi Mask

Question 152

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device at night to keep the structures of the pharynx and tongue from [. . .]

Answer 152

collapsing backward

Question 153

include frequent periods of sleep disturbance, snoring, morning headache, daytime sleepiness, difficulty concentrating, forgetfulness, mood changes, and depression [. . .]

Answer 153

Common symptoms for Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Question 154

It is not the best choice in an unstable COPD client with varying TVs because the inspired oxygen concentration is not guaranteed [. . .]

Answer 154

nasal canula

Question 155

the priority is clearing the airway after the client has been placed in a position that prevents further aspiration [. . .]

Answer 155

Perform oropharyngeal suctioning

Question 156

Administer 100% oxygen by nonrebreather mask [. . .] .

Answer 156

corrects hypoxemia/hypoxia once the airway has been cleared to allow passage of oxygen. The nurse has already gathered focused assessment data and determined the need for emergent oxygen delivery (eg, tachycardia, tachypnea, hypoxia, cyanosis, decreased level of consciousness)

Question 157

determines air movement and presence of adventitious sounds (eg, crackles, wheezing, stridor) that can indicate obstruction, secretions, atelectasis, or fluid. This assessment is performed once emergency measures are in place (eg, oxygen) and the client has been stabilized [. . .]

Answer 157

Assess lung sounds

Question 158

common site of allergen exposure [. . .]

Answer 158

bed

Question 159

Dust mite allergen exposure can be greatly reduced by washing bed linens every [. . .]

Answer 159

12 weeks with hot water

Question 160

are common overthecounter antiinflammatory drugs that can cause bronchospasm in some clients with asthma [. . .]

Answer 160

Ibuprofen and aspirin

Question 161

Two groups of commonly used drugs have the potential to cause problems for clients with asthma. [. . .]

Answer 161

NSAIDS and Beta Blockers

Question 162

Risks associated with suctioning include [. . .]

Answer 162

hypoxemia, microatelectasis, and cardiac dysrhythmias

Question 163

is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose marked by rhinorrhea (runny nose), nasal congestion, itching and sneezing [. . .]

Answer 163

rhinitis definition

Question 164

when air enters the pleural space through a hole in the chest wall, e.g., a gunshot wound [. . .]

Answer 164

An open pneumothorax is

Question 165

when air enters the pleural space through a hole in the lung tissue (after a lung resection) [. . .]

Answer 165

A closed pneumothorax

Question 166

a closed pneumothorax with rapid accumulation of air in the pleural space, which increases pressure [. . .]

Answer 166

A tension pneumothorax

Question 167

Most types of pneumothorax are treated with [. . .]

Answer 167

chest tube insertion

Question 168

when purulent drainage is found in the pleural space. It is usually a complication of pneumonia, and is treated with a chest tube and antibiotics [. . .]

Answer 168

Empyema

Question 169

when fluid (transudate or exudate) is found in the pleural space. It is treated with a thoracentesis or a chest tube [. . .]

Answer 169

a pleural effusion

Question 170

Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) [. . .]

Answer 170

fluticasone, beclomethasone

Question 171

Longacting beta agonists (LABA) [. . .]

Answer 171

salmeterol

Question 172

Leukotriene antagonist [. . .]

Answer 172

montelukast

Question 173

Anticholinergic inhaler [. . .]

Answer 173

tiotropium

Question 174

Mast cell stabilizers [. . .]

Answer 174

cromolyn sodium inhaler

Question 175

Shortacting beta agonists (SABA) [. . .]

Answer 175

albuterol, inhaler or nebulizer

Question 176

Asthma Exacerbation is treated with [. . .]

Answer 176

oral (prednisone) or intravenous corticosteroids (methylprednisolone) with tapering of dose as exacerbation resolves

Question 177

Longacting beta2 agonists (LABA) will take this medication [. . .] .

Answer 177

every day for best effect

Question 178

Sarcoidosis defines as [. . .] .

Answer 178

an intrapulmonary disorder characterized by the formation of granulomas in the lungs, as well as the heart, lymph nodes, bones and skin

Question 179

A condition in which the pleural space is abnormally occupied by air or fluid, resulting in reduced lung capacity [. . .]

Answer 179

Pneumothorax

Question 180

Dobutamine, methyldopa, tetracycline antibiotics, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in addition to some diuretics, can lead to what [. . .]

Answer 180

lithium toxicity

Question 181

Used to treat bronchospasm that commonly causes tachycardia and tremor? [. . .]

Answer 181

Albuterol

Question 182

During your assessment of a patient taking Albuterol (Proventil) which of the following side effects is most likely to be seen? [. . .]

Answer 182

Tremor

Question 183

In some patients, [. . .] has been reported to cause or worsen angina.

Answer 183

albuterol

Question 184

A notable cardiac symptom seen withmetabolic acidosis is [. . .]

Answer 184

hypotension

Question 185

Can lead to CNS depression due to the buildup of carbonic acid and CO2 in patients? [. . .]

Answer 185

Metabolic acidosis

Question 186

Patients with metabolic acidosis display generalized [. . .] as a result of alterations in muscle metabolism.

Answer 186

muscle weakness

Question 187

A symptom often associated withmetabolic acidosis is the complaint of [. . .]

Answer 187

abdominal pain

Question 188

If metabolic acidosis is untreated and becomes more severe, it can lead to [. . .] in patients.

Answer 188

coma

Question 189

In later stages of metabolic acidemia, breathing that can be seen. This pathologic breathing pattern is described by rapid, deep breaths, which are labored. [. . .]

Answer 189

Kussmaul Respirations

Question 190

The key disturbance in metabolicacidosis is loss of [. . .] in the body.

Answer 190

bicarbonate

Question 191

In an attempt to compensate for bloodacidemia, patients show [. . .] initially.

Answer 191

increasedrespiratory rate

Question 192

In extreme acidemia patients with severe metabolic acidosis can lead to [. . .]

Answer 192

cardiac arrhythmias

Question 193

Theophyline toxicity can serious symptoms ? [. . .]

Answer 193

ventricular fibrillation and convulsions

Question 194

Theophyline with symptoms indicating a mild reaction (i.e., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, insomnia, and restlessness [. . .]

Answer 194

the medication should be stopped immediately

Question 195

This impaired expansion of the alveoli leads to the accumulation of secretions mucus plug decreased surfactant as well as the obstruction of airway and collapse of alveoli. When this happens we have

Answer 195

atelectasis which can then progress to PneumoniaCoughing and deep breathing exercises are essential to enhance lung expansion and mobilize secretions thereby preventing atelectasis (collapse of the alveoli) and pneumonia

Question 196

If atelectasis is not addressed it may progress to

Answer 196

pneuomonia

Question 197

the collapse of a lung or part of it due to improper function of the alveoli

Answer 197

atelectasis

Question 198

where gaseous exchange takes place

Answer 198

atelectasis

Question 199

Its defined as the total or partial collapse of the alveoli

Answer 199

atelectasis

Question 200

In atelectasis the percussion sound is

Answer 200

dull as a result of consolidation

Question 201

An area of hyperresonance on one side of the chest may indicate a

Answer 201

pneumothorax

Question 202

Encouraging the client to cough at least ten times per hour helps prevent

Answer 202

atelectasis along with changing position at least every 2 hours

Question 203

what does the collapse of the alveoli lead to

Answer 203

atelectasis

Question 204

In atelectasis when the lung tissue is consolidated tactile fremitus is

Answer 204

decreased

Question 205

Name to longterm corticosteroid inhalers

Answer 205

fluticasone and budesonide

Question 206

They are not immediately useful as rescue medications but are useful in long

Answer 206

term management of persistent asthma Corticosteroids

Question 207

these corticosteroid inhalers are used to provide longterm asthma control

Answer 207

fluticasone and budesonide When used regularly every day inhaled budesonide decreases the number and severity of asthma attacks

Question 208

are rescue medications used for bronchodilation in an acute asthma attack

Answer 208

Short-acting beta-2 agonists

Question 209

long term control medications used to prevent bronchospasm and inflammatory cell

Answer 209

infiltration leukotriene modifiers

Question 210

Can I drink water after using my corticosteroid inhaler

Answer 210

No gargle and rinse out your mouth with water after use and Do not swallow the water

Question 211

Useful in long term management of persistent asthma

Answer 211

Corticosteroids

Question 212

Besides SABA (Short-acting beta-2 agonists) what is another rescue medication

Answer 212

used in the treatment of acute asthma attacks Anticholinergics examples include ipratropium and tiotropium

Question 213

Are leukotriene modifiers (Montelukast) used in the short term or long term

Answer 213

treatment of asthma? long term

Question 214

before using metered-dose inhalers you need to

Answer 214

shake it and inhale one spray with one breath and activate the device while continuing to inhale

Question 215

These meds are often used as prophylactic agents before a triggering event eg -

Answer 215

in exercise-induced asthma. They are not useful as a rescue once bronchospasm occurs. Leukotriene Modifiers (Montelukast)

Question 216

Anticholinergic used to help control the symptoms of lung diseases such as

Answer 216

asthma or chronic bronchitis and emphysema Ipratropium

Question 217

A dwelling risk for asthma death

Answer 217

living in the inner-city residence

Question 218

Never given alone to treat asthma

Answer 218

its always given with other medications Ipatropium

Question 219

position that facilitates the breathing process for children during an asthma attack

Answer 219

high fowler

Question 220

rhythmic breathing with periods of apnea usually caused by a metabolic issue or

Answer 220

neurological problem Cheyne-Stokes

Question 221

Name two examples of Short-acting beta-2 agonists drugs

Answer 221

albuterol and salbutamol

Question 222

Name a commonly used leukotriene modifier?

Answer 222

Montelukast

Question 223

in respiratory what is a rescue medication

Answer 223

one that can provide relief even after bronchospasm is triggered

Question 224

which is one of the most common methods of mechanical ventilation in the ICU

Answer 224

Assist-control (AC) mode

Question 225

How does Assist-Control (AC) mode work in a ventilator?

Answer 225

It works by setting a fixed tidal volume (VT) that the ventilator will deliver at set intervals of time or when the patient initiates a breath

Question 226

this ventilator works by adding pressure at exhalation to keep the alveoli open

Answer 226

Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)

Question 227

This ventilation mode is used in clients with ARDS because of its ability to improve lung compliance and oxygenation

Answer 227

Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)

Question 228

In ventilators what is Synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV)?

Answer 228

the ventilator will deliver a mandatory (set) number of breaths with a set volume while at the same time allowing spontaneous breaths.