cell structure and transport across cell membrane Flashcards
what is:
a) the cell wall
b) the cell membrane
c) the cytoplasm
a) cell walls provide structure, shape and support for the cell
b) cell membranes control the movement of substances in and out of cells. It is selectively permeable.
c) all chemical reactions take place in the cytoplasm
what is:
a) the nucleus
b) the mitochondria
c) the ribosomes
a) controls cell activities and contains genetic information
b) site of arobic respiration
c site of protein synthesis
what is:
a) the chloroplasts
b) the vacuole
c) the plasmids
a) site of photosynthesis (traps light energy with the pigment chlorophyll
b) fluid filled sac that contains water sugars and salts
c) small circular DNA
what is cellulose?
cellulose is a structural carbohydrate present In the cell wall.
The cell wall is made up of cellulose in plants but different materials in bacterial and fungal cells
What is the cell membrane made up of?
the cell membrane is made up of phospholipids and proteins and it is selectively permeable.
What is passive transport?
passive transport occurs down a concentration gradient and does not require energy. Examples of passive transport are diffusion and osmosis.
what is diffusion?
diffusion is the movement of molecules down a concentration gradient from a higher to a lower concentration.
what is osmosis?
osmosis is the movement of water molecules from a higher water concentration to a lower water concentration through a selectively permeable membrane.
what is it called when plant and animal cells get to full or empty?
animal cells burst or shrink and plant cells become turgid (full) or plasmolysed (shrink)
describe active transport.
active transport requires energy for membrane proteins to move molecules and ions against the concentration gradient.
