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ANS > Digestion > Flashcards

Digestion Flashcards

1
Q

What is prehension?

A

Catching food

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2
Q

What is digestion?

A

the process of converting complex nutrients into forms that can be absorbed

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3
Q

What is mastication?

A

Chewing

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4
Q

What two types of digestion are there?

A

Chemical and microbial

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5
Q

What type of digestion do carnivores have?

A

Chemical

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6
Q

T/F Carnivores have an 80-90% meat based diet.

A

True

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7
Q

T/F Omnivores must digest meat and highly digestible plant components.

A

True

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8
Q

T/F Grains are fruits are hard to digest.

A

False

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9
Q

What kind of digestion do omnivores have?

A

Chemical and microbial (species dependent and very limited) digestion

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10
Q

What is an example of a forage or rufage?

A

Hay, fruit

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11
Q

Low digestible plant components are what?

A

high fiber and cellulose

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12
Q

What is a herbivore’s PRIMARY type of digestion?

A

Microbial

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13
Q

A dog, pig, cat, and human have a what tract?

A

Monogastric

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14
Q

A cow has a what tract?

A

Ruminant

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15
Q

A horse has a what tract?

A

Non-ruminant or Hindgut Fermenter

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16
Q

A bird has a what tract?

A

Modified monogastric

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17
Q

What is the mouth’s purpose?

A

Mastication, saliva,

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18
Q

What is the esophagus’ purpose?

A

Transport

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19
Q

What is the stomach’s purpose in a monogastric and non-ruminant?

A

Chemical digestion

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20
Q

What is the stomach’s purpose in a ruminant?

A

Microbial digestion

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21
Q

What is the small intestine’s purpose?

A

Digestion and little absorption

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22
Q

What is the cecum’s purpose in a monogastric and ruminant?

A

blind pouch

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23
Q

What is the cecum’s purpose in a non-ruminant?

A

Microbial digestion

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24
Q

What is the large intestine’s purpose in a monogastric, ruminant, non-ruminant, and modified monogastric?

A

Water absorption

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25
Q

What is the crop’s purpose?

A

Moistening

26
Q

What is the proventriculus’ purpose?

A

Chemical digestion

27
Q

What is the gizzard’s purpose?

A

Mastication

28
Q

What is the cloaca?

A

3 way hole

29
Q

What are the four parts of a ruminant’s stomach?

A

Rumen, reticulum, omasum, and abomasum

30
Q

What four gastric glands are there?

A

Mucous cells, parietal cells, chief cells, and G cells

31
Q

Mucous cells

A

secrete alkaline mucus that protects the epithelium against shear stress and acid

32
Q

Parietal cells

A

secrete hydrochloric acid

33
Q

Chief cells

A

secrete pepsinogen (proteolytic enzyme)

34
Q

G cells

A

secrete gastrin

35
Q

Gastric glands are located where?

A

the stomach

36
Q

What does the proximal section of the small intestine do?

A

Chemical digestion

37
Q

What does the distal section of the small intestine do?

A

Nutrients absorption

38
Q

What is the gall bladder?

A

storage of bile (digestion of fats)

39
Q

What is pancreatic secretion?

A

amylase, lipase, protease, bicarbonate

40
Q

What is amylase?

A

Complex sugars

41
Q

What is lipase?

A

fats

42
Q

What is protease?

A

proteins

43
Q

What is bicarbonate?

A

HCO3

44
Q

Amylase turns what into what?

A

Complex carbohydrates into glucose

45
Q

Protease turns what into what

A

Proteins into amino acids

46
Q

Lipase turns what into what?

A

Complex lipids into fatty acids

47
Q

The reticulum has a what patter?

A

honeycomb

48
Q

The rumen has a what patter?

A

papillae

49
Q

The abomasum has a what pattern?

A

layers (pages of a book)

50
Q

The omasum has a what pattern?

A

Cells!

51
Q

What gives structure to plants?

A

lignin

52
Q

T/F Lignin is easy to digest

A

False

53
Q

VFA’s stand for what?

A

Volatile fatty acids

54
Q

T/F VFA’s go through the rumen’s papillae to get into the bloodstream

A

True!

55
Q

Bacteria turns into what VFA

A

butyrate

56
Q

Protozoa turns into what VFA?

A

propionate

57
Q

Fungi turns into what VFA?

A

acetate

58
Q

In ruminants, the what directs milk to the abomasum?

A

esophageal groove

59
Q

What diet helps develop the rumen better?

A

milk and grain

60
Q

Cecotrophy/coprotrophy

A

eating poop :o

61
Q

Where does fermentation happen in non-ruminants?

A

large intestine

ANS (13 decks)

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