Reproductive Management

Question 1

castration

Answer 1

removal of testicles

Question 2

what does castration do?

Answer 2

prevents undesired mating and improves meat quality

Question 3

controlled breeding season

Answer 3

limiting the time interval animals are allowed to mate

Question 4

which animal participates in natural controlled breeding

Answer 4

sheep (breed in fall, lamb in spring) and horse (breed in late spring, foal in spring)

Question 5

artificial controlled breeding

Answer 5

limit breeding by man

Question 6

estrous synchronization

Answer 6

more efficient use of labor and facilities. greater supervision of animals at parturition

Question 7

estrous synchronization makes use of what

Answer 7

AI or embryo transfer

Question 8

artificial insemination (AI)

Answer 8

semen is deposited in female reproductive tract by artificial techniques rather than by natural mating.

Question 9

advantages of AI?

Answer 9

semen can be diluted multiple mating from one ejaculation, semen can be stored for later (even after death), limit possible spread of disease, mate animals who are far apart

Question 10

disadvantages of AI?

Answer 10

additional skills required

Question 11

pregnancy diagnosis

Answer 11

reduce cost by sale or differential management of open animals. early diagnosis of reproductive failure

Question 12

breeding marks

Answer 12

male marks female at mating. earliest possible indication of conception

Question 13

what’s a problem with breeding marks?

Answer 13

marks can wash off or no mark may be on a female that had been fertilized. does not guarantee pregnancy

Question 14

palpation

Answer 14

through anus to feel for fetus

Question 15

palpation is used in which animals?

Answer 15

horse and cattle

Question 16

blood test

Answer 16

measures the hormones from the placenta which goes into the mother’s blood stream

Question 17

ultrasound

Answer 17

real-time external and internal

Question 18

embryo transfer

Answer 18

removal of the embryo early in its development from its own mother’s uterus and transfer to another female’s uterus

Question 19

which animals have embryo transfer been developed in?

Answer 19

sheep, goats, swine, cattle, and horses

Question 20

T/F heifer’s body can reject the embryo

Answer 20

true

Question 21

how are embryos removed?

Answer 21

non-surgically

Question 22

what happens after the embryo is removed?

Answer 22

it is either frozen and saved for later or transferred to the recipient

Question 23

in vitro fertilization

Answer 23

fertilization in a test tube, eggs are collected from donor female, mature and fertilized in lab, frozen or transferred to recipient

Question 24

intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)

Answer 24

stick a needle with one sperm into the ovum

Question 25

who is intracytoplasmic sperm injection for?

Answer 25

male factor sub-fertility, males who have a lot of deformities.

Question 26

which animals is ICSI mainly used for?

Answer 26

horses