CONGENITAL DEFECTS CNS

Question 1

BANANA SIGN on ANTENATAL USG
🧠✨bANana sign ; ArN✨

Answer 1

Arnold Chari MALFORMATIONS
DUE TO: Absent Cisterna MAGNA

Question 2

Development of CNS
🧠⚡To Do with Me Met My longata ⚡

Answer 2

Question 3

LEMON SIGN on USG

Answer 3

Lemon shaped skull resulting from scalloping of frontal bones

NTD

Question 4

Markers for NTD

Answer 4

Alpha fetoprotein
⭐ Acetylcholine esterase

Question 5

Mumps enter the CNS via

Answer 5

Choroid plexus ➡️ infect the ependymal cells

Question 6

Development of CNS BEGINS AT

Answer 6

3rd week
Along with GASTRULATION

Question 7

2 ° MESENCHYME aka

Answer 7

Neural Creast cells
4th Germ Layer

Question 8

Folic acid Supplementation
Normal mother
Mother with previous H/O NTD child

Answer 8

⭐ 400 micro grams daily

⭐ 4000 micro grams daily

Question 9

⚡⚡ MOST SPECIFIC and BEST MARKER FOR NTD

Answer 9

Acetylcholinesterase

Question 10

⚡⚡ MOST SENSITIVE MARKER FOR NTD
🧠⚡ T = t⚡

Answer 10

Alpha fetoprotein

Question 11

Neural Tube Defects

Answer 11

Question 12

In Leaking MENINGOMYELOCELE, BEST Test for Dx

Answer 12

CSF CULTURE
BLOOD CULTURE

Question 13

⚡⚡ MOST SERIOUS TYPE OF CAUDAL NTD

Answer 13

Meningomyelocele

Question 14

⚡⚡ MOST COMMON LOCATION OF MENINGOMYELOCELE

Answer 14

LUMBO SACRAL Region

Question 15

🧬 MODE OF INHERITENCE 💉 of NTD

Answer 15

Multi factorial

Question 16

Very HIGH INCIDENCE OF HYDROCEPHALUS ➕ ARNOLD CHIARI MALFORMATIONS II IS SEEN WITH WHICH NTD

Answer 16

MENINGOMYELOCELE

Question 17

MENINGOMYELOCELE types

Answer 17

Question 18

GENITAL TRACT ABNORMALITIES ARE ASSOCIATED WITH WHICH NTD

Answer 18

Meningocele
-Vaginal septa
-Rectovaginal fistula

Question 19

NTD Patients have which ALLERGY

Answer 19

Latex injury

Question 20

⚡⚡ MOST COMMON CAUSE of VENTRICULOMEGALY HYDROCEPHALUS IN NEWBORN

Answer 20

Aqueductal Stenosis

Question 21

Arnold Chiari MALFORMATIONS
Basic Defect

Answer 21

Herniation of cerebellum and 4th ventricle into foramen magnum
⬇️
Flattening of Base of skull
➕
Spina bifida with MENINGOMYELOCELE

Question 22

Which Arnold Chiari MALFORMATIONS seen in INFANTS?

Answer 22

Type II

Question 23

Arnold Chiari MALFORMATIONS in ADULTS

Answer 23

Type 1

Question 24

HYDROCEPHALUS ➕ MENINGOMYELOCELE
IS ASSOCIATED WITH WHICH Arnold Chiari MALFORMATIONS

Answer 24

Type 2 Arnold Chiari MALFORMATIONS

Question 25

Cause of Type 2 Arnold Chiari MALFORMATIONS

Answer 25

Failure of PONTINE FLEXURE during embryogenesis

Question 26

Type 3 and Type 4 Arnold Chiari MALFORMATIONS

Answer 26

Question 27

Type 1 Arnold Chiari MALFORMATIONS

Answer 27

Question 28

AGENESIS OF SPLENIUM OF CORPUS CALLOSUM is ASSOCIATED with

Answer 28

DANDY WALKER MALFORMATIONS

Question 29

⚡⚡ MOST COMMON site of PORENCEPHALY

Answer 29

Sylvian Fissure

Question 30

PORENCEPHALY is ASSOCIATED with

Answer 30

DANDY WALKER SYNDROME

Question 31

SONIC HEDGEHOGBPATHWAY DEFECT ass with

Answer 31

HOLOPROSENCEPHALY

Question 32

Basic defect in NEURONAL MIGRATION DISORDERS

Answer 32

Radial Glial Fibers

Question 33

4 LAYERED CEREBRAL CORTEX ASSOCIATED WITH

Answer 33

LISSENCEPHALY

Question 34

INDEPENDENT EEG FINDING ON 2 SIDES OF THE BRAIN

Answer 34

AGENESIS of Corpus Callosum

Question 35

Answer 35

Vein of GALEN MALFORMATION

Question 36

Answer 36

Ans C:-
🌠Hydranencephaly
🌊Condition in which brain lacks cerebral hemispheres and cranial cavity is filled with fluid
🌊C/f:-
1. Normal at birth
2. Increasing head circumference
3. Seizures
4. Quadriplegia ,respiratory dufficulties , lack of growth

🌊Diagnosis :-
1. Transillumination positive
2. IOC - USG

🌊Fatal condition