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3 NERVOUS SYSTEM > CHANNELOPATHIES > Flashcards

CHANNELOPATHIES Flashcards

1
Q

Episodic MUSCLE WEAKNESS

A

⭐ Metabolic MYOPATHIES
⭐ Channelopathies

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2
Q

Acute FLACCID AREFLEXIC WEAKNESS
Causes

A
  1. HYPO- Na+
  2. HYPO-K+ / HYPER-K+
  3. HYPO-Ca2+ / HYPER-Ca2+
  4. HYPO-PO4³
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3
Q

Difference between
Hypokalemic Paralysis
and
Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis

A

Hypokalemic Paralysis
⭐ acute flaccid AREFLEXIC weakness due to HYPOKALEMIA

Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis
⭐ Recurrent episodes of Hypokalemic Paralysis where cause is NOT FOUND (that why Hypokalemic occuring regularly)

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4
Q

HYPOKALEMIA ➕ ACIDOSIS

A

RTA
VIPoma

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5
Q

HYPOKALEMIA ➕ ALKALOSIS ➕ BP- Normal

A

⭐ Bartter’s
⭐ Gitelman

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6
Q

HYPOKALEMIA ➕ ALKALOSIS ➕ BP ⬆️

A

⭐ Conn’s
⭐ Liddle’s
⭐ Cushing

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7
Q

Mitochondrial MYOPATHIES
🧠⚡KL²M³NOP² ⚡

A

K-
Kearns Sayre Syndrome

L-
Leber’s Hereditary Optic Neuropathy
Leigh’s disease

M-
MELAS: Mitochondrial Encephalopathy with Lactic Acidosis and Stroke like episode
MERRF: Myoclonic Epilepsy with Red Ragged Fibers
MMC

N-
NARP
Navajo neurohepatopathy.

O-
Chronic Progressive External Opthalmoplegia

P-
Pure Mitochondrial Myopathy
Pearson Syndrome
Progressive SNHD

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8
Q

Red RAGGED FIBERS
➕
EXERCISE RELATED WEAKNESS

A

Mitochondrial MYOPATHIES

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9
Q

RED RAGGED FIBERS
Best seen with

A

Gomori Trichome Stain

⭐ Sub-Sarcolemmal accumulation of abnormal mitochondria stains Red

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10
Q

Ptosis ➕ Opthalmoplegia ⛔ Pharyngeal Involvement

A

Mitochondrial MYOPATHIES

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11
Q

Slow ONSET PTOSIS and Opthalmoplegia
➕
DIPLOPIA ⛔

A

CPEO

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12
Q

CPEO ➕ Retinitis Pigmentosa ➕ Heart Block

A

Kearns Sayre Syndrome

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13
Q

Myoclonus Epilepsy ➕ Muscle Weakness

A

MERRF

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14
Q

Calcium Channelopathies
🧠⚡My SHELF ⚡
🧠⚡ E2 S6HOM⚡

A

✨ Maligant Hyperthermia.
✨ Spinocerebellar Ataxia-6
✨ Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis
✨ Episodic Ataxia-2
✨ Lambert Eaten Syndrome
✨ Familial Hemiplegic Migraine

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15
Q

Sodium Channelopathy
🧠⚡PNH ⚡

A

✨ Paramyotonia Congenita
✨ Normokalemic Periodic Paralysis
✨ Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis

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16
Q

Potassium Channelopathies
🧠⚡ DEAN⚡

A

✨ Deafness (AD)
✨ Episodic Ataxia-1
✨ Anderson-Tawil Syndrome
✨ benign Neonatal Familial Convulsion

17
Q

Chloride Channelopathies
🧠⚡GMC ⚡

A

⭐ Generalized Myotonia (Becker)
⭐ Myotonia Congenita (Thompson)

18
Q

HYPOKALEMIA
➕
YOUNG PATIENT
➕
AFTER HIGH CARBOHYDRATE DIET
➕
Propensity for ARRHYTHMIAS

A

HYPOKALEMIC PERIODIC PARALYSIS

19
Q

🧬 MODE OF INHERITENCE 💉 of HYPOKALEMIC PERIODIC PARALYSIS

🧬 MODE OF INHERITENCE 💉 of HYPOKALEMIC PERIODIC PARALYSIS

A

AD

AD

20
Q

Presentation of HYPOKALEMIC PERIODIC PARALYSIS

A

UL WEAKNESS
⬇️
ALL LIMBS INVOLVED

21
Q

💊💉 MANAGEMENT of HYPOKALEMIC PERIODIC PARALYSIS

A

Oral Potassium ➕ Acetazolamide

22
Q

Which CHANNELOPATHY?

⭐ HYPOKALEMIC PERIODIC PARALYSIS
⭐ HYPERKALEMIC PERIODIC PARALYSIS

A

⭐ HYPOKALEMIC PERIODIC PARALYSIS
✨ Calcium Channelopathies

⭐ HYPERKALEMIC PERIODIC PARALYSIS
✨ Sodium Channelopathies

23
Q

CHILD
➕
NORMAL POTASSIUM at PRESENTATION (during ATTACK)
➕
Pure PROXIMAL ➡️ ALL
➕
PRECIPITATION BY ✨Rest✨

A

HYPERKALEMIC PERIODIC PARALYSIS

24
Q

MYOTONIA is seen with which Periodic paralysis?

A

HYPERKALEMIC PERIODIC PARALYSIS

25
Q

Channelopathy ➕ DYSMORPHIC FACIAL FEATURES ➕ LIFE THREATENING ARRHYTHMIAS

A

Anderson Tawil Syndrome

26
Q

Anderson-Tawil Syndrome
🧠⚡AT-P ⚡

A
  1. Potassium Channelopathy
  2. Periodic paralysis
  3. EctoPics - ventricular
  4. Physical features characteristics: DYSMORPHIC FACIES
  5. Prolonged QT interval
27
Q

Effect of giving Potassium on MYOTONIA in HYPERKALEMIC PERIODIC PARALYSIS

Effect of MUSCLE COOLING on MYOTONIA in HYPERKALEMIC PERIODIC PARALYSIS

A

⭐ INCREASED

28
Q

Drugs that can PRODUCE AUTOPHAGIC VACUOLES
🧠⚡CAH ⚡

A
  1. Colchicine
  2. Amiodarone
  3. Hydroxychloroquine
29
Q

Drugs that can PRODUCE Symptoms similar to Myasthenia Gravis or POLYMYOSITIS

A

D-Penicillamine

30
Q

Drugs that can PRODUCE Rhabdomyolysis

A

Alcohol
Amphetamine

31
Q

Drugs that can PRODUCE Mitochondrial like Myopathy

A

Zidovudine

32
Q

Drug in HIGH DOSE that can PRODUCE Acute Quadriplegic Myopathy

A

Steroids

33
Q

⚡⚡ MOST COMMON DRUG PRODUCING MYALGIA

A

Statins
(Statin associated Myalgia symptoms)

34
Q

Drugs causing MYOPATHY
🧠⚡ CLAP-Z⚡

A
35
Q

Endocrinal MYOPATHIES

A
36
Q

Causes of RHABDOMYOLYSIS
🧠⚡ Dead MUSLCLE⚡

A

3 NERVOUS SYSTEM (40 decks)

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