Psychology 3 Flashcards
Bronfenbrenners Ecological Theory
Focuses on the social contexts in which people live
The interactions among 5 environmental systems are key to development
Microsystem
Immediate settings in which we live and with whom we Directly interact with :
parents, family, teachers, peers, neighborhoods
Mesosystem
Connections/links
between Microsystems: connections between family experiences and school experiences, and relationships between students and peers.
Exosystem
Experiences in one setting (where student does not have an active role) influence what students and teachers experience in the
immediate context. Indirect
influences on the child
Macrosystem
Macrosystem: Culture in which students and teachers live:
- behavior patterns
- beliefs
- dress
- music
- ceremonies/holidays
Chronosystem
The socio-historical conditions of a studentās development.
The pattern of events and transitions over your life span
Bronfenbrenners Theory in the classroom
Think about children embedded in several environmental systems and Influences
Attend to connections between school and families
Eriksons Life-Span Development Theory
-Presents a developmental view of peopleās lives in 8 stages
-Personality develops primarily as a result of resolving conflicts in each stage.
Trust vs. Mistrust 0-1 years
Task is to gain a sense of trust in themselves and in the world around them. Developed through consistent love and support.
+outcome: feeling of comfort, minimal fear/anxiety, needs are met, secure attachment
- outcome: fear, discomfort, anxiety, discomfort, insecure attachment
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt 1-3years
Discover that their behavior is their own ā they can be independent and have self- control. Self-control fostered by support and encouragement.
+outcome: Independence, will, self- control
- outcome: poor self-esteem, inappropriate control
Initiative vs. Guilt 3-5years
to engage in active, purposeful, responsible behavior and assert themselves through directing play and social interactions. Developed by exploring and accepting challenges.
+Outcome: sense of responsibility
-Outcome: Increased anxiety and feelings of guilt.
Industry vs. Inferiority 6yrs-puberty
Direct energy toward mastering knowledge. Mastery comes from success and recognition.
+Outcome: productivity, good
self-efficacy, development of intellectual skills
- Outcome: Feeling
unproductive, incompetent. Poor level of self efficacy
Identity vs. Role Confusion 10-20yrs
to find out who they are, what they are all about, where they are going in life
+ Outcome: exploration of paths to healthy identity
-Outcome: remain confused about their their identity
Identity Diffusion
Inability to commit themselves to choices. Show little interest
Identity Moratorium
Desire to make a choice at some time in the future but unable to do so in the present. Commitments are absent or vague.