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MUST KNOWS > PEDIAAAAAA 🫶🏼 > Flashcards

PEDIAAAAAA 🫶🏼 Flashcards

1
Q

When do you call a child full term?

A

37-42 weeks

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2
Q

How to measure growth in a child?

A

By: WEIGHT and HEIGHT

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3
Q

What is the most sensitive indicator of a child?

A

Weight

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4
Q

When does a child double in size?

A

Early Double: 4 months
Average Double: 6 months

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5
Q

When does a child triple in size?

A

12 months or 1 year

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6
Q

When does a child quadraple in size?

A

2 - 2 1/2 years old

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7
Q

At the end of the year whos more mabigat?

A

1 year old Male = 10kg or 22lbs
1 year old Female = 9.5kg or 21lbs

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8
Q

First 2 words
“Mama and Papa”

A

9 - 10 months

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9
Q

3 to 5 words

A

15 months

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10
Q

300 words

A

2 years old

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11
Q

900 words

A

3 years old

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12
Q

1,500 words

A

4 years old

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13
Q

2,100 words

A

5 years old

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14
Q

Varies word

A

6 years old

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15
Q

Head lag
Midline vision

A

1 MONTH

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16
Q

Cooing
Posterior fontanelle closes
Social smile

A

2 MONTHS

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17
Q

Babbles
Brings hand to mouth
Peripheral vision

A

3 MONTHS

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18
Q

Able to lift head and chest of the floor
Reaches for objects

A

4 MONTHS

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19
Q

Roll over
Smiles at self in mirror

A

5 MONTHS

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20
Q

Sits with support
Able to hold bottle
Mixed feeding can eat solid food

A

6 MONTHS

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21
Q

Sits without support
Transfer object from hand to hand

A

7 MONTHS

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22
Q

Sits without support
Close-open fist upon command

A

8 MONTHS

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23
Q

Creep and crawl
Pincer grasp

A

9 MONTHS

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24
Q

Starts to stand
Object permanence
Waves hands for “Bye”

A

10 MONTHS

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25
Q

Cruising

A

11 MONTHS

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26
Q

Walks with support
Able to drink from cup

A

12 MONTHS

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27
Q

Closes anterior fontanelle

A

12-18 MONTHS

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28
Q

PERMANENT TEETH
“Mama Is In Pain, Papa Can Make Medicine”

A

1st Molar
1st Incisor
2nd Incisor
1st Pre-molar
2nd Pre-molar
Curpids
2nd Molar
3rd Molar

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29
Q

ANTHROPROMETRIC MEASUREMENTS:
Weight:
Length:
Head Circumference:
Abdominal Circumference:

A

ANTHROPROMETRIC MEASUREMENTS:
Weight: 2,500g - 4,500g
Length: 45 - 55cm
Head Circumference: 33 - 35cm
Abdominal Circumference: 31-33cm

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30
Q

GROWTH TABLE (Weight&Height)
Double:
Triple:
Quadriple:

A

GROWTH TABLE (Weight&Height)
Double: 6mos ; 4 yrs
Triple: 1 yr ; 13 yrs
Quadriple: 2 years

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31
Q

Establishing Breastfeaading (how long) after delivery:

A

90 minutes

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32
Q

LEGAL BASIS:
Milk Code = Breastmilk

A

EO 51

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33
Q

LEGAL BASIS:
Rooming in and Breastfeeding Act

A

RA 7600

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34
Q

LEGAL BASIS:
Expanded Breastfeeding Act

A

RA 10028

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35
Q

What is the purpose of Erythromycin?

A

-Crede’s Prophylaxis
To prevent OPTHALMIA NEONATORUM

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36
Q

ESSENTIAL INTRAPARTAL AND NB CARE (EINC)

When is Unang Yakap Protocol launched?

A

December 25, 2009

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37
Q

ESSENTIAL INTRAPARTAL AND NB CARE (EINC)

The legal basis of Unang Yakap Protocol:

A

AO 0025 section 2009/AO 2009-0025

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38
Q

ESSENTIAL INTRAPARTAL AND NB CARE (EINC)

What are the 2 MDG’s of Unang Yakap Protocol?

A
  • MDG 4 (Reduce Child Mortality)
  • MDG 5 (Improve Maternal Health)
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39
Q

What does NORMAL FLORA do?

A

Normal flora has microorganisms that serves protection of the Neonate’s body

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40
Q

Why is it important to massage the fundus?

A

To prevent uterine atony and uterine bleeding

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41
Q

Normal DR temp:

A

25 - 28 degrees celcius

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42
Q

Dry the newborn for at least:

A

30 seconds

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43
Q

If child is not warmed, it may lead to:

A

Neonatal Hypothermia (Cold Stress)

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44
Q

Normal cry of Newborn:

A

Lound and Lusty

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45
Q

Never administer Oxygen greater than 40% because it may lead to:

A

Retrorental Fibroplacia

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46
Q

Increase oxygen&raquo_space; Increase pressure&raquo_space; rupture of capillaries&raquo_space; may result to:

A

BLINDNESS

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47
Q

Sucking disappears at:

A

4 MONTHS

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48
Q

Rooting disappears at:

A

4 MONTHS

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49
Q

Step/Loose Disappears at:

A

4 MONTHS

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50
Q

Moro/Startle Reflex Disappears at:

A

4 MONTHS

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51
Q

Tonic-Neck Reflex Disappears at:

A

4 - 5 MONTHS

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52
Q

Extrusion reflex Disappears at:

A

6 MONTHS

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53
Q

Babinski Reflex Disappears at:

A

12 MONTHS

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54
Q

1st set of teeth:

A

DECIDUOUS TEETH (Milk Teeth)

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55
Q

Growing of Lower Central Incisors:

A

6 MONTHS

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56
Q

Growing of Upper Central Incisors:

A

7 MONTHS

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57
Q

Growing of Upper Lateral Incisors:

A

9 MONTHS

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58
Q

Growing of Lower lateral incisors:

A

11 MONTHS

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59
Q

Complete set of milk teeth:

A

2 1/2 years old

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60
Q

Solitary Play

A

Infancy

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61
Q

Toys:
*0-3 mos: colorful, soft, sound producing
*4-6 mos: squeeze toys and busy box
*7-12 mos: building box, balls, bath toys

A

INFANCY

62
Q

FEAR: Stranger Anxiety

A

INFANCY

63
Q

NUTRITION: Breastmilk

A

INFANCY

64
Q

CONCEPTH OF DEATH: None

A

INFANCY

65
Q

RISKS AND SAFETY:
*Falls
*Aspiration
*SIDS

A

INFANCY

66
Q

PLAY: Parallel Play

A

TODDLERHOOD

67
Q

TOYS:
*Push and pull toys
*Boards and mallets
*Stuffed animals
*Toy phone
*Story books with pictures

A

TODDLERHOOD

68
Q

Negativistic behavior: “NO!”

A

TODDLERHOOD

69
Q

Ritualistic Behavior: Food Jags

A

TODDLERHOOD

70
Q

Temper Tantrums: bcuz of lack of communication skills

A

TODDLERHOOD

71
Q

FEAR: Separation Anxiety

A

TODDLERHOOD

72
Q

3 STAGES OF FEAR IN TODDLERHOOD:

A

PRO - Protest (Temper Tantrums)
DES - Despair (Withdrawn)
DEN - Denial (Ignore)

73
Q

PLAY: Associative Play/Cooperative Play

A

PRE-SCHOOLER

74
Q

Most Imaginative Stage:
*Imaginary friends
*Bedtime stories
*Hero worship

A

PRE-SCHOOLER

75
Q

FEAR: Mutilation

A

PRE-SCHOOLER

76
Q

CONCEPT OF DEATH:
Sleeping (reversible)

A

PRE-SCHOOLER

77
Q

PLAY: Competitive Play/Corporative Play
*Sports

A

SCHOOLER

78
Q

TOYS:
*Board games
*Collecting and classifying toys
*Card games
*Puzzles
*Hobbies/Video games

A

SCHOOLER

79
Q

FEAR: Loss of Control/Losing

A

SCHOOLER

80
Q

PLAY: Social Play

A

ADOLESCENCE

81
Q

Most improtant people here is Peers

A

ADOLESCENCE

82
Q

FEAR: Body Image Disturbance

A

ADOLESCENCE

83
Q

CONCEPT OF DEATH:
Permanent (irreversible)

A

ADOLESCENCE

84
Q

Explains how LIBIDO propels and drives the psychologic development of a child

A

PSYCHOSEXUAL THEORY by Sigmund Freud

85
Q

Failure to satisfy is called:

A

FIXATION

86
Q

Explains interaction with the society and affects the behavior of the child.

2 conflicting tasks for ends level

GOAL: Balance

A

PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORY by Erik Erikson’s

87
Q

Changes in thinking and learning

Apply on real world situation

A

COGNITIVE THEORY by Jean Piaget’s

88
Q

Changes the perception of what is right and wrong

A

MORAL DEVELOPMENT THEORY by Lawrence Kohlberg’s

89
Q

What age mabilis ang reproductive system?

A

Adolescence and Puberty

90
Q

What age is the adult size brain?

A

At 5 years old or Pre-school

91
Q

What age is the adult size tonsils?

A

At 5 years old or Pre-school

92
Q

Important indicator of development:

A

BEHAVIOR

93
Q

When mabilis and development ng Neurologic System?

A

During INFANCY Stage

94
Q

What test differentiates the fetal blood from maternal blood?

A

KLEIHAUER - BETKE’S TEST

95
Q

4 PROCESSES OF HEAT LOSS:

A
  1. Conduction
  2. Convection
  3. Evaporation
  4. Radiation
96
Q

With body contact
Example: cool weighing scale, cool cribs

A

CONDUCTION

97
Q

Cool air currents
Example: Aircon&raquo_space; if on room temp of 25-28 degrees celcius

A

Convection

98
Q

Water to vapor
Example: NB wet&raquo_space; heat loss&raquo_space; dry baby

A

Evaporation

99
Q

Without body contact
Example: Crib near the wall

A

Radiation

100
Q

EFFECTS OF COLD STRESS:

A
  1. Hypoglycemia
  2. Metabolic acidosis
101
Q

AKA Flea bite rash
Due to reaction of eosinophils to Air

A

Erythema Toxicum

102
Q

Mottling of the skin (colors: yellow, blue, red, white of the skin)

A

Cutis Marmorata

103
Q

White pin-pant spots at nose bridge and cheeks

Immature sebaceous glands

Looks like white heads

A

Milia

104
Q

The bluish gray discoloration of buttocks (parang nabugbog)

Due to accumulation of melanocytes

Disappears by 1y/o and school age

A

Mongolian Spots

105
Q

Scalp edema or fluid under the scalp

Crosses the suture line

Appears immediately after birth

Resolves after 3 days

A

CAPPUT SUCCEDANEUM

106
Q

Pooling of blood under the scalp

Does not cross suture line

Appears after 23 hours

Resolves after 3-6 weeks

A

CEPHAL HEMATOMA

107
Q

Blue sclera

A

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

108
Q

Pink Iris

A

Albinism
(Not long life span compared to normal adults)

109
Q

First Milk Teeth

A

2 lower incisors
(Right then Left)

110
Q

Last Milk Teeth

A

Posterior Molars

111
Q

First Permanent Tooth

A

1st molar

112
Q

Last permanent Tooth

A

Wisdom Tooth

113
Q

Total absence of extremities

A

AMELIA

114
Q

Absence of proximal extremities, hands and feet diretcly attached.

A

PHOCOMELIA

115
Q

Surfactant is formed at:

A

6 - 7 months

116
Q

Can be heard by:
- Doppler:
- Fetoscope:
- Stethoscope:

A

Can be heard by:
- Doppler: 12 weeks AOG
- Fetoscope: 16 weeks AOG
- Stethoscope: 20 weeks AOG

117
Q

Gender via outward appearance:
Gender via UTZ:

A

Gender via outward appearance:
~12 weeks
Gender via UTZ:
~16 weeks

118
Q

Oxygen Saturation (Normal Values)
Neonate:
Adult:

A

Oxygen Saturation (Normal Values)
Neonate: 80%
Adult: 90-100%

119
Q

Hemoglobin (Normal Values)
Neonate:
Adult:

A

Hemoglobin (Normal Values)
Neonate: 17.1 g/dL
Adult: 12-16 g/dL

120
Q

Hematocrit (Normal Values)
Neonate:
Adult:

A

Hematocrit (Normal Values)
Neonate: 53%
Adult: 36 - 46%

121
Q

Urine is formed:
Urine excretion:

A

Urine is formed: 12 weeks
Urine excretion: 16 weeks

122
Q

Lanugo is formed:
Vernix caseosa is formed:
Subcutaneous fats ia formed:

A

Lanugo is formed: 16 weeks
Vernix caseosa is formed: 20 weeks
Subcutaneous fats ia formed: 8 months

123
Q

Quickening
- fetal movement felt by mother. (When?)

A

20 weeks

124
Q

“Duling”

Normal until 4mos due to weak extraocular muscles

A

Strabismus

125
Q

Normal until 2-3mos due to immature lacrimal gland

A

Tearless cry

126
Q

Extra Digits

A

Polydactyly

127
Q

Lacking digits

A

Oligodactyly

128
Q

Fused digits

A

Syndactyly

129
Q

Starts with Ovulation and Ends with Fertilization

A

OVUM

130
Q

Fertilization to implantation
Duration: Good for 2 weeks

A

ZYGOTE

131
Q

Starts in 3weeks to 8weeks after implantation (approximately 2 months)

A

EMBRYO

132
Q

9 weeks (2mos and 1week) until Birth

A

FETUS

133
Q

When do you called a child full term?

A

37 weeks to 42 weeks

134
Q
  • Increase in physical size of a child
  • Pertains to Quantitative Change (involves numbers)
A

GROWTH

135
Q
  • Increase in skills and functions
  • Qualitative Change (words)
A

DEVELOPMENT

136
Q

How to measure Developmental Changes?

A
  1. Direct Observation
  2. Note the parent’s description
  3. Assessment tool: DDST (Denver Devt Screening Test) - International tool Reco by WHO
137
Q

1st exam:
2nd exam:
3rd exam:

A

1st exam: @ 3mos old
2nd exam: @ 10mos old
3rd exam: @ 3 y/o

138
Q

4 areas assessed by DDST

A
  1. Language - ability of the child to communicate @ 2y/o
  2. Play Social - ability of the child to interact @ 2y/o
  3. Fine Motor Skills (aka Pre-Hensile Ability) - ability to use fingers; pincer grasp; ability to pick up small things
  4. Gross Motor - ability to use large body muscles
139
Q

3 Gem Layers

A

Ectoderm - Outer layer
Mesoderm - Middle layer
Ento/Endo - Inner layer

140
Q

Brain
CNS
Skin
5 Senses
Hair
Anus
Mouth
Nails

A

ECTODERM

141
Q

Heart
Reproductive
Musculoskeletal
Kidneys

A

MESODERM

142
Q

Thyroid
Thymus
Liver
GI Lining

A

ENTO/ENDODERM

143
Q

Organ formation
Critical in the first trimester due to presence of teratogens

A

FETAL ORGANOGENESIS

144
Q

Can lead to cleft lip/palate

A

STEROIDS

145
Q

Staining of teeth to child
@ 6mos brownish teeth discoloration

A

TETRACYCLINE

146
Q

Damages the fetal CN8: Acoustic/Vestibulocochlear
Can lead to deafness

A

QUININE/STREPTOMYCIN

147
Q

Child can experience Amelia or Hocomelia

A

THALIDOMIDES

148
Q

Quickening: fetal movt felt by mother
- Multigravida:
- Primigravida:

A

Quickening: fetal movt felt by mother
- Multigravida: @ 16-18 weeks
- Primigravida: @ 18-20 weeks

149
Q

INDICATIONS FOR UTZ:
- to confirm pregnancy
- determine AOG
- determine site of implantation
- determine if there are Multiple Fetus

A

1ST TRIMESTER

150
Q

INDICATIONS FOR UTZ:
- determine gender
- determime placental location

A

2ND TRIMESTER

151
Q

INDICATIONS FOR UTZ:
- determine fetal size and position

A

3RD TRIMESTER

152
Q

These are usually done Near term/Delivery
Known as Fetal APGAR

A

BIOPHYSICAL PROFILE SCORING

MUST KNOWS (20 decks)

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