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biology 152 > nervous tissues > Flashcards

nervous tissues Flashcards

1
Q

what are the three functions of nervous system?

A

sensory receptor (detects internal and external stimuli), integration( processing of sensory info), and activation of effectors(muscles and glands respond)

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2
Q

what are the two structural divisions of nervous system?

A

central nervous system and peripheral nervous system

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3
Q

what does the CNS consist of?

A

brain and spinal cord

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4
Q

what are the functions of CNS

A

command centre, interprets sensory info, coordinates response

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5
Q

what does the PNS consist of>

A

cranial nerves, spinal nerves, ganglia and receptor’s

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6
Q

functions of the PNS?

A

relays info from body to CNS (sensory division) and relays info from CNS to body “motor division”

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7
Q

what are the two types of neural tissue?

A

Neurons and nerugolia

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8
Q

what are the functions/characteristics of neurons?

A

conduct electrical impulses, long lived, do not divide, high metabolic rate of O2 and glucose are critical

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9
Q

what are the four structural classifications of neurons?

A

multipolar, bipolar, unipolar, anaxonic

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10
Q

what does a multipolar neruon look like?

A

many dendrites single axon, most numerous neuron in cns and pns

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11
Q

what does a bipolar neuron look like?

A

2 processes extend from cell body, special sensory is ear and eye

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12
Q

what does a unipolar neuron look like?

A

1 process extends from cell body(most sensory neurons)

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13
Q

what does anaxonic neuron look like?

A

no axon dendrites only, rare, in brain and some sense organ

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14
Q

what are the three functional classifications of neurons?

A

sensory, motor and internueron

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15
Q

what does sensory (afferent ) neurons do?

A

transmit impulses towards CNS
bipolar or unipolar

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16
Q

what does motor (effferent) neurons do?

A

transmit impulses away from CNS to effectors
multipolar

17
Q

what does interneuron (association neurons do?)

A

connect sensory and motor neruons
majority of neurons in CNS
multipolar

18
Q

what are the nueroglia in the CNS?

A

astrocytes, mircoglia, ependymal cells, oligodendrocytes

19
Q

what are astrocytes?

A

star cells, most numerous, regulate chemicals in ECF, maintain blood brain barrier, structural framework in brain and spinal cord, guide neuron growth/repair

20
Q

what are microglia?

A

phagocytes engulf bacteria and dead cells, increase in response to infection/injury

21
Q

what are ependymal cells?

A

line cavities of spinal cord and brain, ciliated and circulate cerebrospinal fluid

22
Q

what are oligodendrocytes?

A

form myelin sheath around axons in CNS, one cell forms sheath around several neurons

23
Q

what are the types of neruoglia in PNS

A

satelite cells and schwann cells

24
Q

what do satellite cells do?

A

surround cell bodies of neruons, regulate ions, nutrients, waste in ECF

25
Q

what do schwann cells do?

A

form myelin sheath around axons in PNS, wrap around axon

26
Q

how do neurons bring about behaviour?

A

reflex, rapid autonomic response to stimuli

27
Q

what is the organization of nerual tissues?

A

axons and cell bodies are organized into bundles and clusters

28
Q

what is grey matter?

A

cell bodies of neurons and neuroglia

29
Q

what is white matter?

A

axons and myelin is white, appears white due to myelin and c.t

30
Q

what are the two types of pathways?

A

ascending (sensory/afferent) from body to brain
descending (motor/efferent) from brain to body

31
Q

what is the grey matter in PNS?

A

ganglia, collections of cell bodies in PNS

32
Q

what is the white matter in PNS?

A

nerves, bundles of axons in PNS

33
Q

what is the grey matter in CNS?

A

nerual cortex, cell bodies on brain surface
basal nuclei, clusters of cell bodies inside brain

34
Q

what is the white matter in CNS?

A

tracts/highways, bundles of axons with common origin and destination

biology 152 (28 decks)

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