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zoot > Chapter 1-3 > Flashcards

Chapter 1-3 Flashcards

1
Q

Vitamin D3, cholesterol in skin

A

cholecalciferol

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2
Q

Vit D3 in liver

A

calcidol

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3
Q

Vit D3 in kidney

A

calcitriol

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4
Q

covers outside of an animal continuous with?

A

mucous membranes

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5
Q

outer layer, squamous epithelium. free nerve- endings

A

epidermis

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6
Q

dense, irregular connective tissue. Cushions from stress and strain

A

dermis (corium)

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7
Q

superficial fascia, loose connective tissue, lobules of fat

A

hypodermis (subcutis)

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8
Q

layers of dead. flattened cells

A

stratum corneum

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9
Q

variably present, poorly stainable

A

stratum lucidum

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10
Q

spindle- shaped cells, basophilic keratohyalin (keratinocytes)

A

stratum granulosum

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11
Q

spiny; intercellular bridges, connect adjacent cells

A

stratum spinosum

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12
Q

cuboidal, mitotically active, columnar cells

A

stratum basale

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13
Q

drying hardening, skin tough and resistant to drying

A

keratinization and cornification

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14
Q

what influence keratinization and cornification

A

trauma or disease process

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15
Q

increase thickness due to trauma

A

callus

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16
Q

where is panniculus adiposus

A

hypodermis

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17
Q

smooth outer coat hair

A

guard hair

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18
Q

undercoat, often curly

A

wool hair

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19
Q

long stiff, organ to touch hairs

A

tactile hair

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20
Q

modification of epidermis

A

hair follicle

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21
Q

base of follicle, cells divide, build shaft

A

hair bulb

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22
Q

holocrine glands, oily secretory product

A

sebaceous glands

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23
Q

oily secretory product

A

sebum

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24
Q

bundle smooth muscle fibers, hair follicle angle toward epidermis

A

arrector pili muscle

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25
Q

scaly cortex, thin cuticle

A

medulla

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26
Q

covers root of hair and dermis papilla

A

internal epithelial root sheath

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27
Q

internal root sheath, rise to sebaceous glands

A

external epithelial root sheath

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28
Q

dermis of hoofs and horns

A

corium

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29
Q

waxy laye, cover outside of hoofs

A

periople

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30
Q

connection between hoof wall and corium

A

laminae

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31
Q

shock- absorbing of subcutis

A

digital cushion

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32
Q

horns form over process?

A

cornual process

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33
Q

soft type of horn

A

epikeras

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34
Q

do not bear weight, little clinical significance

A

declaws

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35
Q

hornlike growths, medial of horse’s limbs

A

chestnuts

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36
Q

proximal to carpus

A

front chestnuts

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37
Q

distal to hocks

A

hind chestnuts

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38
Q

small cornified epithelium, center of palmar (plantar) fetlock of horse

A

ergots

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39
Q

epidermal growths, outer covers or plumage

A

feather

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40
Q

external anatomical structures of birds

A

bill/beak

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41
Q

freshly growth, crest on top of gallinaceous birds; turkeys, pheasant, domestic chickens

A

comb and wattle

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42
Q

hanging various parts of head and neck in birds and mammals

A

caruncle

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43
Q

protuberance on forehead of turkeys

A

snood

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44
Q

bone composition of organic framework

A

1/3

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45
Q

collagen and polysaccharides

A

glycosaminoglycans

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46
Q

inorganic component in bone composition

A

2/3

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47
Q

inorganic component largely in?

A

calcium and phosphorus salts

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48
Q

dense cortical bone, entire shaft of bones

A

compact bones

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49
Q

spongy bine, porous network filled with marrow

A

cancellous bone

50
Q

marrow cavity, space surrounded by cortex of long bone

A

medullary cavity

51
Q

either end of a long bone

A

epiphysis

52
Q

cylindrical shaft of long bone

A

diaphysis

53
Q

flared are adjacent to epiphysis, cortical bone thinner

A

metaphysis

54
Q

bone can increase in length

A

epiphyseal cartilage / disk

55
Q

covers articular surface of bone, cover joints of bone

A

articular cartilage

56
Q

fibrous membrane covers surface except Articular Cartilages

A

periosteum

57
Q

bone producing cells , bone matrix

A

osteoblasts

58
Q

lines the marrow cavity

A

endosteum

59
Q

bone destroying cells

A

osteoclasts

60
Q

maintains bone tissue

A

osteocytes

61
Q

stem cell

A

osteogenic cell

62
Q

bone that is cylinder like shape, longer than its wide

A

long bones

63
Q

examples of long bones

A

femur, tibia, fibula, ulna, metatarsals, humerus, radius, phalanges, metacarpals

64
Q

spongy bone filled with marrow, cuboid, absorb concussion

A

short bones

65
Q

examples of short bones

A

carpals and tarsals

66
Q

thin, diploe, protect internal organs

A

flat bones

67
Q

examples of flat bones

A

sternum, ribs, scapulae, cranial bones

68
Q

sesame seed shape, small and round. embedded in tendons, reduce friction.

A

sesamoid bones

69
Q

examples of sesamoid bones

A

patellae

70
Q

air spaces/sinuses bones

A

pneumatic bones

71
Q

unpaired bones on median plane, complex shapes

A

irregular bones

72
Q

examples of irregular bones

A

vertebrae, facial bones

73
Q

3 divisions of skeleton

A

axial, appendicular, visceral

74
Q

supports brain and pituitary gland

A

sphenoid bone

75
Q

opening/ passageway of olfactory nerves

A

ethmoid bone

76
Q

eye socket

A

orbit

77
Q

vomer bones

A

nasal

78
Q

upper teeth and dental arcade

A

maxillae and incisive bones

79
Q

lower teeth, muscles for chwewing

A

mandible

80
Q

motion of the neck

A

cervical vertebrae

81
Q

1st CV

A

atlas

82
Q

2nd CV

A

axis

83
Q

articular facets for ribs

A

thoracic vertebrae

84
Q

ventrum bony thorax, bony origin to pectoral muscles

A

sternum

85
Q

cranium/ cranial extremity of sternum

A

manubrium

86
Q

lateral walls of thorax

A

ribs

87
Q

flat, triangular (shoulder blade)

A

scapula

88
Q

in birds they have collarbone

A

clavicle

89
Q

also known as arm bone

A

humerus

90
Q

in mammals which is larger radius or ulna?

A

radius

91
Q

in birds which is larger radius or ulna?

A

ulna

92
Q

in horse they have long>

A

long pastern bones

93
Q

middle phalanx

A

short pastern bone

94
Q

distal phalanx

A

coffin bone

95
Q

pelvis 3 bones

A

ilium, pubis, ischium

96
Q

coxofemoral

A

hip

97
Q

stifle

A

knee

98
Q

true leg

A

crus

99
Q

ankle?

A

tarsus

100
Q

rostral bone in swine

A

os rostri

101
Q

around pulmonary artery of the heart

A

os cordis

102
Q

in canine family, gorilla and chimpanzee, above male urethra, stiffness in penetration

A

os penis or baculum

103
Q

function of Muscular System

A

movement, body heat production, posture and support of body

104
Q

contracting lengthwise or shortening

A

contractility

105
Q

stretched 30% from rest

A

extensibility

106
Q

tendency to recoil from stretched

A

elasticity

107
Q

3 types of muscles

A

skeleton, cardiac,smooth

108
Q

attach muscles to bone

A

tendon

109
Q

less moveable structure of skeleton muscle

A

origin

110
Q

more moveable structure of skeleton muscle

A

insertion

111
Q

binds single fiber together, supports capillaries and nerve endings

A

endomysium

112
Q

sheath covering, fasciculli

A

perimysium

113
Q

sheath covering entire muscle

A

epimysium

114
Q

covers muscle and attaches to skin

A

fascia

115
Q

decrease angle joint

A

flexor

116
Q

increase angle joint

A

extensor

117
Q

pull limb, toward median plane

A

adductor

118
Q

move limb, away median plane

A

abductor

119
Q

encircle opening, striated or smooth

A

sphincter

120
Q

produce desired action

A

agonist

121
Q

opposite of agonist

A

antagonist

122
Q

opposed undesired action of agonist

A

synergists

zoot (9 decks)

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