Chapter 11 - Elbow Joint

Question 1

Carrying angle

Answer 1

in anatomical position, the longitudinal axes of the humerus and the forearm form an angle

Question 2

Medial collateral ligament

Answer 2

triangular and spans the medial side of the elbow, attaches on the medial epicondyle of the humerus, and runs obliquely to the medial sides of the coronoid process and olecranon process of the ulna

Question 3

Lateral collateral ligament

Answer 3

triangular, attaches proximally on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and distally on the annular ligament and the lateral side of the ulna

Question 4

Annular ligament

Answer 4

attaches anteriorly and posteriorly to the radial notch of the ulna, encompassing the head of the radius and holding it against the ulna

Question 5

Brachialis Origin

Answer 5

distal half of humerus, anterior surface

Question 6

Brachialis Insertion

Answer 6

coronoid process and ulnar tuberosity of the ulna

Question 7

Brachialis Action

Answer 7

elbow flexion

Question 8

Biceps (SH) Origin

Answer 8

coracoid process of scapula

Question 9

Biceps (LH) Origin

Answer 9

supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

Question 10

Biceps Insertion

Answer 10

radial tuberosity of radius

Question 11

Biceps Action

Answer 11

elbow flexion, forearm supination

Question 12

Brachioradialis Origin

Answer 12

lateral supracondylar ridge on the humerus

Question 13

Brachioradialis Insertion

Answer 13

styloid process of the radius

Question 14

Brachioradialis Action

Answer 14

elbow flexion

Question 15

Triceps (LH) Origin

Answer 15

infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

Question 16

Triceps (Lat. H) Origin

Answer 16

inferior to the greater tubercle on the posterior humerus

Question 17

Triceps (MH) Origin

Answer 17

the posterior surface of the humerus

Question 18

Triceps Insertion

Answer 18

olecranon process of ulna

Question 19

Triceps Action

Answer 19

elbow extension

Question 20

Anconeus Origin

Answer 20

later epicondyle of the humerus

Question 21

Anconeus Insertion

Answer 21

lateral and inferior to olecranon process of ulna

Question 22

Anconeus Action

Answer 22

assists in elbow extension, not a prime mover in any joint action

Question 23

Pronator Teres Origin

Answer 23

medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna

Question 24

Pronator Teres Insertion

Answer 24

lateral aspect of radius at its midpoint

Question 25

Pronator Teres Action

Answer 25

forearm pronation, assistive in elbow flexion

Question 26

Pronator Quadratus Origin

Answer 26

distal 1/4 of ulna

Question 27

Pronator Quadratus Insertion

Answer 27

distal 1/4 of radius

Question 28

Pronator Quadratus Action

Answer 28

forearm pronatino

Question 29

Supinator Origin

Answer 29

lateral epicondyle of humerus and adjacent ulna

Question 30

Supinator Insertion

Answer 30

anterior surface of the proximal radius

Question 31

Supinator Action

Answer 31

forearm supination

Question 32

Lateral epicondylitis

Answer 32

tennis elbow - common overuse condition that affects the common extensor tendon where it inserts into the lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Question 33

Medial epicondylitis

Answer 33

golfer’s elbow - inflammation of the common flexor tendon that inserts into the medial epicondyle, overuse condition that results in tenderness over the medial epicondyle and pass on resisted wrist flexion

Question 34

Little league elbow

Answer 34

overuse injury of the medial epicondyle, usually caused by a repetitive throwing motion that is seen in young baseball players who haven’t reached skeletal maturity

Question 35

Pulled elbow (nursemaid’s elbow)

Answer 35

seen in young children under the age of 5 who have experienced a sudden strong traction force on the arm - often occurs when an adult suddenly pulls on a child’s arm, or the child falls away from an adult while being held by the arm

Question 36

Elbow dislocation

Answer 36

caused when a great deal of force is applied to an elbow that is in a slightly flexed position, causing the ulna to slide posterior to the distal end of the humerus

Question 37

Supracondylar fractures

Answer 37

one of the most common fractures in children and is caused by falling on the outstretched hand

Question 38

Volkmann’s ischemic contracture

Answer 38

rare but potentially devastating ischemic necrosis of the forearm muscles

Question 39

Ulnar nerve compression

Answer 39

pain from hitting the “funny bone”, very superficial where it crosses the medial elbow between the bony olecranon process and medial epicondyle