1.2 - 1.3 - Carbohydrates Flashcards
1
Q
What elements do carbohydrates contain?
A
C, H, O
2
Q
What r the 3 types of carbohydrates?
A
Monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides
3
Q
What is condensation also known as?
A
Dehydration synthesis
4
Q
When does a condensation reaction occur?
A
- monomers combine together by covalent bonds to form polymers
- forms glycosidic bond
- water is removed
5
Q
How do you test for reducing sugars?
A
- by using Benedict’s test
- donate electrons, sugars become reducing agent
- reduce the soluble copper sulphate to insoluble brick-red copper oxide
6
Q
How to test for non-reducing sugars?
A
- must first be hydrolysed to break disaccharides into monosaccharides
- Benedict’s test carried out
- cannot donate electrons, can’t be oxidised
7
Q
Example of non-reducing sugar
A
- sucrose
8
Q
What is glucoses molecular formula?
A
C6H12O6
9
Q
Types of monosaccharides formed from molecules w 3,5,6 carbon atoms
A
Trioses, pentoses, hexoses
10
Q
What are the 2 types of glucose?
A
- alpha-glucose
- beta-glucose
11
Q
What polysaccharides are formed from the 2 isomers of glucose?
A
- starch
- glycogen
- cellulose
12
Q
Examples of reducing sugars
A
- glucose
- fructose
- galactose
