2.2 - DNA Replication

Question 1

What are the 2 main stages of cell division?

Answer 1

• nuclear division
• cytokinesis

Question 2

What is nuclear division?

Answer 2

• process where nucleus divides

Question 3

What is cytokinesis?

Answer 3

• process where whole cell divide
• after nuclear division

Question 4

What are the 2 types of nuclear division?

Answer 4

• mitosis
• meiosis

Question 5

What is the process of DNA replication called?

Answer 5

• semi-conservative replication

Question 6

What is the purpose of semi conservative replication?

Answer 6

• ensures there’s genetic continuity between generations of cells (inherit all genes from parent cell)
• important as cells need replacing regularly (+ for growth) + need to carry out same function

Question 7

What are the 4 requirements for semi-conservative replication to take place?

Answer 7

• the 4 nucleotides w bases (A,C,T,G) must be present
• both strands of the DNA molecule act as templates for attachment of nucleotides
• enzyme DNA polymerase
• a source of chemical energy to drive process

Question 8

What is the process of semi conservative replication?

Answer 8

• DNA helicase breaks hydrogen bonds linking the base pairs of DNA, forming 2 strands exposing the nucleotide bases
• both strands act as a template for free DNA nucleotides to join by complementary base pairing
• DNA polymerase joins adjacent DNA nucleotides forming complementary new strands of DNA
• 2 identical molecules of DNA are formed (each w half original DNA + half new DNA)