12

Question 1

known as Computer Age, Digital Age, or Age of New Media, is a historical period beginning in mid-20th century, whose defining characteristic is a rapid shift from traditional industries to an economy driven by the need for information access and control

Answer 1

Information Age

Question 2

beginning of the Information Age was set up through the invention of the

Answer 2

Transistor

Question 3

President and Creative Director of Waters Design Associates, Inc., describes the Information Age as a time when information got ahead of humankind and grew at a speed that we were unprepared to handle

Answer 3

John Walters

Question 4

Age were farther back in the past. These building blocks include the development of writing systems across ancient civilizations, puter Age, Dig such as that of the ancient Sumerian, Egyptian, Chinese

Answer 4

cuneiform
hieroglyphics
small seal script

Question 5

From manual, tedious, and slow ancient printing methods, in which the cloth, paper, or other medium was brushed or rubbed repeatedly to complete the transfer of ink

Answer 5

Printing Press

Question 6

Who invented the printing press

Answer 6

Johannes Gutenberg

Question 7

is a device that applies pressure to an inked surface lying on a medium (i.e., cloth or paper to transfer the ink), his hand mold printing press led to the creation of the metal movable type

Answer 7

The printing press

Question 8

From this invention also, a new branch of print media was introduced and was known

Answer 8

The press

Question 9

did not stop the production of modified printing press like rotary press run by steam and used in industrial scale printing in

Answer 9

20th Century

Question 10

When soldiers left for war, the shortage got worse, so the United States mechanized the problem by building the

Answer 10

Harvard Mark 1

Question 11

50-feet long electromechanical computer, which was capable of doing calculations in seconds that took people hours

Answer 11

Harvard Mark 1

Question 12

the British also needed mathematicians to crack the German navy’s

Answer 12

Enigma Code

Question 13

was used by the Germans to transcribe their messages in encryption using a machine

Answer 13

Enigma Code

Question 14

which looked like an oversized typewriter

Answer 14

Enigma

Question 15

an English mathematician, was hired in 1936 by the British top-secret Government Code and Cipher School at Bletchley Park to break the Enigma code.

Answer 15

Alan Turning

Question 16

an electromechanical machine that allowed the British to read all daily German naval Enigma traffic by searching through the permutations

Answer 16

Bombe

Question 17

was a researcher at Bell Laboratories, where he met Turing in 1943

Answer 17

Claude E. Shannon

Question 18

Science and computer historians alike trace the formal beginnings of the Information Age to the work of the American mathematician, electrical engineer, and cryptographer

Answer 18

Claude E. Shannon

Question 19

wrote a landmark paper proposing that all information can be encoded as a series of ones and zeroes

Answer 19

Claude E. Shannon

Question 20

he demonstrated that all information media, from telephone signals to radio waves to television images can be transmitted without any error using his framework

Answer 20

Claude E Shannon

Question 21

built a simple computer around the 8080-microprocessor hooked up to a keyboard and television in 1976.

Answer 21

Steve Wozniak

Question 22

realized that PCs needed software and sold his Microsoft programs

Answer 22

Bill Gates

Question 23

The Internet was developed during the 1970s by the

Answer 23

United States Department of defense

Question 24

The development of ——- allowed for billions of bits of information to be received every minute.

Answer 24

fiber-optic cables

Question 25

developed faster microprocessors so personal computers could process the incoming signals at a more rapid rate.

Answer 25

Intel

Question 26

In early 1990s, was developed largely for commercial purposes.

Answer 26

World Wide Web

Question 27

Corporations created ------- where they could place text and graphics to sell products.

Answer 27

Home Pages

Question 28

was a convenient way to send a message to associates or friends.

Answer 28

Electronic mail or Email

Question 29

allowed individuals to Converse who may never have had the opportunity in the past. Educational opportunities were greatly enhanced because of the wealth of knowledge now placed at the fingertips of any wired individual

Answer 29

Chatrooms and Email

Question 30

Evolutions of the Information Age in the 2010s In the last decade, the Information Age saw even greater leaps, so much that it came to be known as a "."

Answer 30

decade of disruption

Question 31

The evolutions of science and technology during the Information Age, particularly in the last two decades, led to the argument that the world may well be in the midst of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, also called

Answer 31

4IR or Industry

Question 32

German engineer, economist, and founder of the World Economic Forum (WEF)) Klaus Schwab

Answer 32

) Klaus Schwab

Question 33

Machines, devices, sensors, and people will be able to seamlessly connect and communicate with each other through the Internet of Things (IoT), or the Internet of People (IoP).

Answer 33

Interconnection

Question 34

- Industry 4.0 will also establish the technological prerequisites of systems able to assist humans in decision-making and problem-solving and help them with difficult or unsafe tasks.

Answer 34

Technical Assistance

Question 35

- Industry 4.0 will also establish the technological prerequisites of systems able to assist humans in decision-making and problem-solving and help them with difficult or unsafe tasks.

Answer 35

Technical Assistance

Question 36

Cyber physical systems of Industry 4.0 will be capable of independent decision- making and autonomous performance of tasks.

Answer 36

Decentralized decisions

Question 37

American professor and science philosopher ----------- sounded the call for the ethical se of information. In his article published at the MIS Quarterly, ---- first called the world's attention, these issues are ever proposed four major issues of information ethics of the Information more relevant

Answer 37

Richard O. Mason

Question 38

Mason explains that citizens must exercise caution in using information technologies. He pinpoints two threats to -----, which, although written as contextualized in 1986, still strike a familiar chord to many who may have fallen prey to abuse of information and, with it, vicious attacks on the Internet. First, he points to the rapid growth of information technology, particularly its ever pervasive capacity for surveillance, communication, computation, storage, and

Answer 38

Privacy

Question 39

, also called 4IR or Industry 4.0.

Answer 39

4th Industrial revolution

Question 40

was developed during the 1970s by the United States Department of Defense, mainly by scientists to communicate with other scientists

Answer 40

Internet

Question 41

was developed largely for commercial purposes.

Answer 41

Www

Question 42

Developed faster microprocessors so personal computers could process the incoming signals at a more rapid rate.

Answer 42

Intel

Question 43

was born by the 1970s who wanted their own personal computers (PCs).

Answer 43

Electronic brain

Question 44

built a simple computer around the 8080-microprocessor hooked up to a keyboard and television in 1976

Answer 44

Steve Wozniak

Question 45

was a convenient way to send a message to associates or friends.

Answer 45

Electronic mail or Email

Question 46

saw even greater leaps, so much that it came to be known as a "decade of disruption." These were made possible through significant technological

Answer 46

Information Age

Question 47

the process of appending geographic coordinates on the location of a mobile device, has become very common on the Internet.

Answer 47

Geotagging

Question 48

The software industry, which is the primary beneficiary of this shift, quickly migrated from physical storage to the new business model of data storage

Answer 48

Software as a service

Question 49

As information becomes more accessible and transparent, Industry 4.0 technology will provide stakeholders information to make decisions.

Answer 49

Information transparency

Question 50

Industry 4.0 will also establish the technological prerequisites of systems able to assist humans in decision-making and problem-solving and help them with difficult or unsafe tasks.

Answer 50

Technical Assistance

Question 51

Cyber physical systems of Industry 4.0 will be capable of independent decision- making and autonomous performance of tasks

Answer 51

Decentralized decision

Question 52

only at its infancy, the American professor and science philosopher ------------- sounded the call for the ethical use of information.

Answer 52

Richard O. Mason

Question 53

Mason explains that citizens must exercise caution in using information technologies

Answer 53

Privacy

Question 54

Misinformation fouls up people's lives. This is exacerbated when the party holding inaccurate information are in positions of power and authority.

Answer 54

Accuracy

Question 55

Mason states that the issue of ------- is probably the most complex of the four. Several economic and ethical questions surrounding intellectual ------ are hinged on the special attributes of information and the ways it is transmitted.

Answer 55

Property

Question 56

is difficult to safeguard, because, unlike tangible property, once it is produced, it becomes communicable, and replication comes in handy without destroying the original, regardless of how difficult it is to produce it. Information is easily reproducible on the Internet.

Answer 56

Intellectual property

Question 57

that is false and deliberately created to harm a person, social group, organization, or country"

Answer 57

Disinformation

Question 58

is defined as information that is based on reality, used to inflict harm on a person, social group, organization, or country, while misinformation is information that is false but not created with the intention of causing harm

Answer 58

Mal-information

Question 59

information that is false but not created with the intention of causing harm

Answer 59

Misinformation

Question 60

is when a political candidate during election season posts false statistics with the intent of discrediting their competitor.

Answer 60

Disinformation

Question 61

when is when a person posts an article containing outdated information, but does not realize it.

Answer 61

Misinformation

Question 62

is when someone posts a photo of victims of disaster without any context-the photo depicts something that really happened before, but without any credible information to accompany the photo.

Answer 62

Mal-information

Question 63

the information is false, but the person disseminating it believes that it is true.

Answer 63

Misinformation

Question 64

can be conceived as "a deliberate, intentional lie, and points to people being actively ------- by malicious actors

Answer 64

Disinformation

Question 65

potentially catastrophic present where powerful institutions use tools and propaganda for their vested interests

Answer 65

Perfect Storm

Question 66

the term given to a range of inaccuracies of information. At its core, however, --------- can be defined as news stories or articles that are false (i.e., the story itself is fabricated, without any supporting fact, source, or quotation to vet its veracity). Often, --------- are written or published to purposely influence views, promote political motives, damage one's reputation, or deceive the readers.

Answer 66

Fake News

Question 67

as the term suggests, is the activity and process of verifying factual information to ensure veracity and correctness.

Answer 67

Fact Checking

Question 68

refers to the variety of life on Earth and the essential interdependence of living things at all levels, from genes to ecosystems

Answer 68

Biological diversity or Biodiversity

Question 69

refers to the gene pool or total genetic information that exists in all individual microorganisms, plants, animals and humans

Answer 69

Genetic Diversity

Question 70

is the most common level of biodiversity and comprises the number of different species at a place. It consists of the abundance of microorganisms, plants, and animal species found in a geographic region.

Answer 70

Species Biodiversity

Question 71

The number of species that thrive in a certain location is referred to as

Answer 71

Species Richness

Question 72

refers to the variations in ecosystems within a geographical location. It is the variety of habitats, biotic communities, and ecological processes in the biosphere, and is a complex level of diversity

Answer 72

Ecosystem Biodiversity

Question 73

very important to the well-being of the planet

Answer 73

Biodiversity

Question 74

Tang (2020) explained four main types of benefits of biodiversity to humans:

Answer 74

nutritional, cultural, health, and climate-related

Question 75

biodiversity provides food sources and ensures food security, allows for better nutrition, and contributes to agricultural resilience.

Answer 75

Nutritional

Question 76

it helps in climate adaptation, improves microclimates, and sustains the water cycle.

Answer 76

Climate

Question 77

provides materials for traditional and modern medicine, prevents the spread of infectious diseases from animals, and contributes to physical and mental health

Answer 77

Health

Question 78

disrupt the new habitats they are introduced in, threatening the native biodiversity by outcompeting them for resources

Answer 78

Invasive alien Species

Question 79

which is an integral component of the Convention on Biological Diversity Vie biodiversity mainstreaming, biodiversity logicservations viewed as a pre-condition of sustainable development.

Answer 79

Biodiversity mainstreaming

Question 80

most common of which has been for the expansion of agriculture transformed forests, wetlands, and grasslands for cropping or livestock use

Answer 80

Land and sea use change

Question 81

caused 33% of marine fish stocks to be overfished, while poaching and hunting endanger many mammals to extinction.

Answer 81

Overexploitation

Question 82

an infectious disease transmitted from animals to humans. In fact, 70% of emerging infectious diseases in recent years have stemmed

Answer 82

Zoonosis

Question 83

happens when a virus reaches an intermediary host, in which it is unable to achieve optimal concentration to thrive, the chances of it continuing to spread are very low or it quickly dies out.

Answer 83

Dilution

Question 84

happens when a virus reaches an intermediary host whose genetic diversity allows it to adapt to the virus, thereby becoming resistant and preventing further spread.

Answer 84

Buffer

Question 85

Optical Amplifier

Answer 85

Gordon Gould

Question 86

Transistor was invented by

Answer 86

John Bardeen and Walter Brattain

Question 87

Roman Empire

Answer 87

Parchment Codex

Question 88

which was a multilateral environmental agreement on biodiversity conservation, defined it as the variability among living organisms from all sources including all the ecological complexes of which they are a part, including diversity within species, between species and ecosystem

Answer 88

Convention on Biological Diversity 1992

Question 89

pool or total genetic information that exists in all individual microorganisms, plants, animals, and humans.

Answer 89

Genetic biodiversity

Question 90

least observable as it represents variations only within species.

Answer 90

Genetic Diversity

Question 91

least observable as it represents variations only within species.

Answer 91

Genetic Diversity

Question 92

Biodiversity supports global nutrition and food security, providing fruits, vegetables, and animal products, which pronecessary to a healthy and balanced diet. Yet, these species are increasingly under threat in many parts of the world.

Answer 92

Health and Food Security

Question 93

Healthier ecosystems and a richer biodiversity have also been linked to an overall increase in human health. First, plants are important in developing medicines. Second, biodiversity conservation also leads to lower instances of infectious diseases which originate from animals

Answer 93

Fight diseases

Question 94

biodiversity provides food sources and ensures food security, allows for better nutrition, and contributes to agricultural resilience

Answer 94

Nutritional

Question 95

biodiversity provides. materials for traditional and modern medicine, prevents the spread of infectious diseases from animals, and contributes to physical and mental health.

Answer 95

Health benefits

Question 96

source of energy, recreational activities, and even culture and identity

Answer 96

Cultural

Question 97

is viewed as a pre-condition of sustainable development

Answer 97

Biodiversity Conservation

Question 98

integral component of the Convention on Biological Diversity.

Answer 98

Biodiversity Mainstreaming

Question 99

(believed to be bats but exact evidence is yet to be found

Answer 99

Reservoir Host

Question 100

(believed to be bats but exact evidence is yet to be found

Answer 100

Reservoir Host