3

Question 1

), a United Nations specialized agency in charge of international public health

Answer 1

WHO

Question 2

a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease of infirmity” (WHO, 2022a

Answer 2

Health

Question 3

. It also means that a healthy lifestyle is a conduit to leading a full, meaningful, and purpose. driven life

Answer 3

Health

Question 4

published an editorial in 2009, defining health as “the ability to adapt,” particularly on emerging threats and infirmities

Answer 4

The Lancel

Question 5

refers to having bodily functions, processes, and systems all working at their peak, due not only to the absence of disease but to the individual’s efforts to do regular exercise, maintain a balanced nutrition, and get adequate rest.

Answer 5

Physical Health

Question 6

refers to a person’s emotional, social, and psychological well-being. Without mental health, even at the peak of one’s physical health, a full and active lifestyle will be difficult.

Answer 6

Mental Health

Question 7

refers to a person’s emotional, social, and psychological well-being. Without ——-, even at the peak of one’s physical health, a full and active lifestyle will be difficult.

Answer 7

Mental Health

Question 8

not merely the absence of psychological disorders like depression or anxiety, but it also depends on a to enjoy life, recover and adapt to difficult experiences and adversity, balance different aspects of life, feel safe and secure person’s ability

and achieve their goals and potentials

Answer 8

Mental health

Question 9

focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of individual patients

Answer 9

Health Care

Question 10

focuses on the protection and promotion of the health of entire populations.

Answer 10

Public Helath

Question 11

One of the earliest definitions of public health is that of American bacteriologist and public health expert

Answer 11

Charles-Edward A. Winslow

Question 12

considered to be a leading figure of 20th-century public health. In 1920, he defined public health as follows

Answer 12

Charles Edward A. Wilson

Question 13

became a major milestone of 20th-century public health as it identified primary healthcare as the key to the achievement of “Health for All” (WHO, 2022c).

Answer 13

Declaration of Alma Ata

Question 14

In (?), the Declaration of Alma Ata became a major milestone of 20th-century public health as it identified primary healthcare as the key to the achievement of “Health for All” (WHO, 2022c)

Answer 14

1978

Question 15

most important worldwide social goal.

Answer 15

Health

Question 16

—– in health between developed and developing countries are unacceptable and are therefore a concern to all countries.

Answer 16

Gross inequalities

Question 17

is essential healthcare and forms an integral part of the country’s healthcare system and the overall development of the community

Answer 17

Primary Healthcare

Question 18

multidisciplinary science

Answer 18

Public Healthcare

Question 19

The history of public health dates back to the ancient age as far as

Answer 19

2000 B C

Question 20

The public health field was pushed to its limits during the 18th century because of the

Answer 20

First Industrial revolution

Question 21

This new definition encompasses the view that health is a requisite to allow an individual to perform health social functions. It also means that a healthy lifestyle is a conduit to leading a full, meaningful, and purpose- driven life

Answer 21

Health

Question 22

refers to having bodily functions, processes, and systems all working at their peak, due not only to the absence of disease but to the individual’s efforts to do regular exercise, maintain a balanced nutrition, and get adequate rest.

Answer 22

Physical Health

Question 23

refers to a person’s emotional, social, and psychological well-being. Without mental health, even at the peak of one’s physical health, a full and active lifestyle will be difficult. Like physical health, mental health is not merely the absence of psychological disorders like depression or anxiety, but it also depends on a person’s ability to enjoy life, recover and adapt to difficult experiences and adversity, balance different aspects of life, feel safe and secure, and achieve their goals and potentials

Answer 23

Mental Health

Question 24

is not merely the absence of psychological disorders like depression or anxiety, but it also depends on a person’s ability to enjoy life, recover and adapt to difficult experiences and adversity, balance different aspects of life, feel safe and secure, and achieve their goals and potentials

Answer 24

Mental Health

Question 25

focuses on the protection and promotion of the health of entire populations

Answer 25

Public Health

Question 26

One of the earliest definitions of public health is that of American bacteriologist and public health expert

Answer 26

Charles Edward A. Winslow

Question 27

considered to be a leading figure of 20th-century public health.

Answer 27

Charles - Edward A. Wilson

Question 28

became a major milestone of 20th-century public health as it identified primary milestone as the key to the achievement of "Health for All (WHO, 2022c).

Answer 28

Declaration of Alma Ata

Question 29

is essential healthcare and forms an integral part of the country's healthcare system and the overall development of the community.

Answer 29

Primary Healthcare

Question 30

can be attained through a full and better use of the world's resources, a part of which is spent on armaments and military conflict

Answer 30

Health for All

Question 31

During the 1831 cholera outbreak, also known as

Answer 31

Broad Street Cholera Outbreak or Golden Square Outbreak

Question 32

During the 1831 cholera outbreak, also known as

Answer 32

Broad Street Cholera Outbreak or Golden Square Outbreak

Question 33

Snow was a medical apprentice working to systematically study the spread of the

Answer 33

Vibrio Cholerae

Question 34

His lifelong work and studies on cholera were extensive although he is most often credited for solving an

Answer 34

1854 severe cholera Outbreak on Soho, London

Question 35

. Skeptical of the now obselete

Answer 35

Miasma or Bad Air Theory

Question 36

proposes that microscopic organisms were the causes of diseases among humans, until 1861

Answer 36

Germ Theory

Question 37

Around the same time as major epidemics and disease outbreaks spread across the world, the -------- Period provided important foundations for the importance of public health.

Answer 37

Enlightenment Period

Question 38

. This period was one that saw an embrace of democracy, citizenship, reason, rationality, and the social value of intelligence. At the time, the value of gathering information to guide decisions became integral to the ongoing public health discourse.

Answer 38

Enlightenment Period

Question 39

During this time, the English philosopher, jurist, and social reformer -------- and his disciples, called

Answer 39

Jeremy Bentham His disciples, Philosophical Radicals

Question 40

lobbied the belief that nature placed humankind under the governance of two masters, namely pain and pleasure

Answer 40

Jeremy Bentham and His disciples, Philosophical Radicals

Question 41

argued for the philosophy of utilitarianism, a moral theory which states that actions should be judged right or wrong based on whether they maximize pleasure and minimize pain (i.e., utility) among the affected people.

Answer 41

Philosophical Radicals

Question 42

moral theory which states that actions should be judged right or wrong based on whether they maximize pleasure and minimize pain (i.e., utility) among the affected people

Answer 42

Philosophical Radicals

Question 43

moral theory which states that actions should be judged right or wrong based on whether they maximize pleasure and minimize pain (i.e., utility) among the affected people

Answer 43

Utilitarianism

Question 44

Collecting and analyzing about public health problems and concerns) Care information Essential Service 1: Monitor health status to identify community health problems. Essential Service 2: Diagnose and investigate health problems and hazards in the community

Answer 44

Assessment

Question 45

(Consulting with a broad range of stakeholders to ensure the with interventions and serve the public interest) Essential Service 3: Inform, educate, and empower people about health issues. Essential Service 4: Mobilize community partnerships to identify and solve health problems. Essential Service 5: Develop policies and plans to support individual and community health efforts

Answer 45

Policy Development

Question 46

Promoting and protecting public interests through public health activities that ensure the achievement of agreed upon public health goals) K Essential Service 6: Enforce laws and regulations that protect health and ensure safety

Answer 46

Assurance

Question 47

both prolongs life and improves the quality of life, which are both necessary

Answer 47

Prevention

Question 48

the worst public health crisis of the 21st century

Answer 48

Coronavirus Virus 2019 or COVID-19

Question 49

first identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019

Answer 49

SARS Cov-2

Question 50

virus also tends to spread faster in three Cs,

Answer 50

crowded places, close-contact settings, and confined and enclosed spaces with poor ventilation

Question 51

such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test, nucleic acid amplification test (NAATs), and other molecular amplification tests detect the genetic material from the virus and diagnose active infections.

Answer 51

Molecular Test

Question 52

(PCR) means?

Answer 52

Polymerase Chain Reaction

Question 53

NAATs means

Answer 53

Nucleic Acid Amplification Test

Question 54

These tests require a nasal swab, oral or throat swab, or saliva sample

Answer 54

Molecular Test

Question 55

Antibody tests is also known as?

Answer 55

Rapid Tests

Question 56

detect immune response after exposure, search for specific proteins on the surface of the virus

Answer 56

Rapid Tests

Question 57

which are typically done using a nasal swab, are called rapid tests because they produce results more quickly than molecular tests

Answer 57

Antigen Tests

Question 58

Lost of taste is also known as?

Answer 58

Ageusia

Question 59

Smell is also known as?

Answer 59

Anosmia

Question 60

such as the oral (?) pills Paxlovid™ (Pfizer) and Lagevrio (Merck), target specific parts of the virus to stop it from multiplying in the infected body, thus preventing severe illness and death.

Answer 60

Antiviral Treatments

Question 61

target specific parts of the virus to stop it from multiplying in the infected body, thus preventing severe illness and death.

Answer 61

Antiviral Treatments

Question 62

help the infected person's immune defense by recognizing and responding more effectively to the virus.

Answer 62

Monoclonal Antibodies

Question 63

EUA stands for?

Answer 63

emergency use athorizations

Question 64

it is a messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine, which injects snippets of the virus's generic material, called an mRNA, into human cells

Answer 64

Pfizer

Question 65

teaches the cells to produce a protein that will trigger an immune response inside the body. I

Answer 65

mRNA

Question 66

it is a non-replicating viral vector vaccine, which injects a harmless adenovirus to deliver genetic information to human cells. Developed in the United Kingdom and British - Swedish Company

Answer 66

Astrazeneca

Question 67

Developed by the Chinese company

Answer 67

Sinovac

Question 68

it is a whole inactivated virus COVID-19 vaccine, which uses a more traditional technology of injecting virus particles that have been grown in culture and then killed to destroy disease-producing capacity

Answer 68

Sinovac

Question 69

Developed by the Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology in Russia, it is also an adenovirus-based viral vector vaccine against COVID-19.

Answer 69

Sputnik

Question 70

Developed by Janssen Vaccines in Leiden Netherlands and its Belgian parent company Janssen Pharmaceuticals, it is a one-dose regimen adenovirus-based viral vector vaccine.

Answer 70

Janssen

Question 71

Developed by the Bharat Biotech in collaboration with the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-National Institute of Virology, it is the first indigenous COVID-19 vaccine in India.

Answer 71

Covaxin

Question 72

model that scientists developed to understand the spread, mitigation, and treatment of infectious diseases.

Answer 72

Epidemiological Triangle

Question 73

the goal is to break at least one side of the triangle in order to disrupt

Answer 73

ET