12 and 13

Question 1

Pain receptor called?

Answer 1

nociceptors

Question 2

Gustation

Answer 2

Taste

Question 3

What type of cells are taste receptors?

Answer 3

Epithelial cells

Question 4

Where do taste sensory signals go to?

Answer 4

Thalamus

Question 5

What sense bipolar neurons?

Answer 5

olfactory

Question 6

Olfactory info sent to:

Answer 6

Olfactory cortex (Temporal)
Prefrontal Cortex (Taste area)
Hippocampus (Memory)
Amygdala (Emotion)

Question 7

Equilibrium Sense where:

Answer 7

Vestibular Apparatus
(Semicircular canals)
(Otolith organ)

Question 8

Endolymph

Answer 8

fluid in membranous labyrinth

Question 9

Perilymph

Answer 9

fluid between bony & membranous labyrinths

Question 10

Otolith organ

Answer 10

Provides info about linear acceleration

Question 11

Semicircular canals

Answer 11

Provides info about rotational acceleration

Question 12

Utricle

Answer 12

Sensitive to horizontal acceleration

Question 13

Saccule

Answer 13

Sensitive to vertical motion

Question 14

nystagmus

Answer 14

involuntary oscillations of eyes after you abruptly stop spinning

Question 15

Vertigo

Answer 15

Loss of equilibrium, dizziness

Question 16

Stapedius muscle

Answer 16

Pulls on stapes

Question 17

Eustachian tube

Answer 17

Can open to equalize pressure

Question 18

Glaucoma

Answer 18

Increase pressure due to inadequate drainage of aqueous humor

Question 19

Accommodation

Answer 19

ability of eye to focus on objects at variable distances from the eye

Question 20

Presbyopia

Answer 20

Loss of accommodation with age
Reduced flexibility of lens
Can’t get as round

Question 21

Distant objects, lens is

Answer 21

Thin

Question 22

Close objects, lens is

Answer 22

Round

Question 23

Presbyopia “cure”

Answer 23

bifocals

Question 24

cataracts

Answer 24

Cloudy vision
Damage causes crystalline proteins of lens to aggregate

Question 25

Myopia

Answer 25

Nearsightedness Distant objects blurry Eyeball too long

Question 26

Hyperopia

Answer 26

Farsighted Poor Near Vision Eyeball too short

Question 27

Astigmatism

Answer 27

Uneven curvature of cornea/lens

Question 28

5 categories of taste

Answer 28

Salty, sour, bitter, sweet, umami

Question 29

Where are olfactory receptors

Answer 29

olfactory epithelium

Question 30

What is the role of calcium carbonate crystals

Answer 30

They shift with movement causing shearing force between membrane and hair cell

Question 31

Vision decussation where?

Answer 31

Optic chiasma

Question 32

What is the dark current

Answer 32

In dark: N+ enters cell Photoreceptor releases inhibitory NT Bipolar cell can't fire Ganglionic cell can't fire No info to brain

Question 33

Which has more sensitivity vs acuity?

Answer 33

Rods more sensitive Cones more acuity

Question 34

Brain Split with vision

Answer 34

Left Field, right brain Right Field, left brain

Question 35

Sarcolemma

Answer 35

Plasma membrane

Question 36

Sarcolemma

Answer 36

Plasma membrane

Question 37

T Tubules

Answer 37

Carry Action Potential

Question 38

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Answer 38

Modified ER Terminal cisternae - stores and releases Ca2+

Question 39

Myofibril

Answer 39

Bundles of protein filaments

Question 40

Sarcomere

Answer 40

Functional Unit Z-disc to Z-disc

Question 41

I-Band

Answer 41

Part where there isn't myosin

Question 42

A-Band

Answer 42

Part where there is myosin

Question 43

H-band

Answer 43

Gap between actins

Question 44

Troponin

Answer 44

Ca binding protein Moves Tropomyosin

Question 45

Tropomyosin

Answer 45

Covers myosin binding site on actin

Question 46

Thin filament

Answer 46

Actin

Question 47

Titan

Answer 47

Structural "Spring" protein

Question 48

Calmodulin

Answer 48

Present in smooth muscle

Question 49

Hemoglobin

Answer 49

O2 carrying molecule in red blood cells

Question 50

Myoglobin

Answer 50

O2 carrying molecule in skeletal muscle

Question 51

Slow twitch

Answer 51

Aerobic, lots of mitochondria

Question 52

fast twitch

Answer 52

anaerobic, few mitochondria, many glycolytic enzymes