1.2 System Design Basics Flashcards
(32 cards)
What does hardware refer to in a computer system?
The physical components of a computer system.
Name the two categories of hardware.
- Internal components
- External components (Peripherals)
What are internal components of hardware?
- Central Processing Unit (CPU)
- Random Access Memory (RAM)
- Hard Disk Drive (HDD) or Solid State Drive (SSD)
- Motherboard
What are peripherals?
External devices that connect to a computer to add functionality.
What are the three categories of peripherals?
- Input devices
- Output devices
- Input/Output devices
Give examples of input devices.
- Keyboard
- Mouse
- Webcam
- Microphone
Give examples of output devices.
- Monitor
- Speakers
- Printer
What is a Local Area Network (LAN)?
A network that connects devices within a limited area, like an office or home.
What is a Wide Area Network (WAN)?
A network that spans a large geographical area, often connecting multiple LANs.
What does software refer to in a computer system?
The programs and instructions that tell the hardware what to do.
Name the two categories of software.
- System software
- Application software
What is system software?
Software that manages the computer’s basic operations.
What is application software?
Software that performs specific tasks for users.
What are human resources in the context of system design?
The people involved in using, maintaining, and managing the system.
Who are the end-users?
The people who will actually use the system day-to-day.
What is the client-server model?
A model where computers can take on two primary roles: clients and servers.
What is the role of clients in the client-server model?
Computers or devices that request information or services.
What is the role of servers in the client-server model?
Powerful computers that provide data or services in response to client requests.
What is a router’s function in a network?
Forwards data packets between computer networks, determining the best path for data to travel.
What is a DNS Server?
Domain Name System
Translates human-readable domain names into IP addresses.
What is a firewall’s purpose?
Acts as a barrier between trusted internal networks and untrusted external networks. (Manages what comes in and out)
What is the Peer-to-Peer (P2P) model?
A model where computers act as both clients and servers, sharing resources directly.
True or False: Privacy concerns are a significant issue in a networked world.
True
What is the digital divide?
The gap between those who have access to technology and the internet and those who do not.
