1.2 The growth of opposition (Before 1917) Flashcards Preview

GCSE Edexcel History Russia and the Soviet Union > 1.2 The growth of opposition (Before 1917) > Flashcards

Flashcards in 1.2 The growth of opposition (Before 1917) Deck (10)
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1
Q

Bloody Sunday

A
  • Sunday 22 January 1905
  • Led by Father Gapon
  • Was a peaceful protest around 200,000 people who were
    marching towards the Tsar’s Winter palace in St Petersburg
  • They were petitioning for better working conditions
  • Tsar wasn’t in his palace and Soldiers panicked causing them
    to fire on the protestors
  • 100s killed thousands wounded
2
Q

1905 Revolution

A
  • The events of Bloody Sunday and the loss of the Russo-Japan
    War added to discontent.
  • Revolutionary fervour in the people February 1905
  • Nicholas II delivered the October Manifesto, promised freedom
    speech, an end to censorship and a national parliament
  • Nicholas ignored the warnings of the revolution.
3
Q

Stolypin’s Necktie

A
  • After the 1905 revolution Nicholas appointed Peter Stolypin as
    prime-minister.
  • He introduced many reforms particularly in agriculture and
    education.
  • However, during his time there were over 3000 executions and
    the gallows became known as Stolypin’s ‘Necktie’
4
Q

Rasputin

A
  • Nicholas’ son Alexei suffered from Haemophilia
  • Rasputin was a holy man who had the ability to Alexei’s illness
  • Hosted several naughty no clothes parties and was often
    surrounded by women.
  • He added fodder for anti-tsarists
5
Q

The Social Democratic Party

A
  • Founded in 1901
  • Followed the principles of Karl Marx
  • In 1903 split into two parties the mensheviks and the Bolsheviks
6
Q

Mensheviks

A

The Mensheviks believed that the party should have mass membership and were prepared for slow change. Led by Julius Martov and Leon Trotsky

7
Q

Blosheviks

A

Believed that a small party elite should organise the revolution.
They were led by Vladimir Lenin,

8
Q

The Socialist Revolutionaries

A
  • Founded in 1901
  • They believed in a revolution of the peasants and wanted to get
    rid of the tsar
  • Terrorist activities by the SRs before 1917 led to the death of
    thousands
  • This eventually led to Alexander Kerensky becoming the
    leader of the SRs
9
Q

The Octoberists

A
  • Founded in October 1905 directly after the Tsar released his
    October Manifesto
  • This faction believed the Tsar would keep his promises
  • Main support from the Middle classes
  • Alexander Guchkov
10
Q

The Constitutional Democratic Party

A
  • High demand for a democratic style of government
  • Wanted a constitutional monarch and an elected parliament like
    Britain
  • Some were prepared to set up a republic