1.2 Transport in Cells Flashcards
What is diffusion?
The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
What is osmosis?
The movement of water molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration through a partially permeable membrane
What is active transport?
The movement of particles against a concentration gradient, requiring energy from respiration
What is a concentration gradient?
The difference in concentration of a substance between two areas
How does osmosis affect plant cells?
Water moves into plant cells, causing them to become turgid (swollen and firm)
What happens to a plant cell in a hypertonic solution?
The cell loses water and becomes plasmolysed (shriveled)
What is the role of carrier proteins in active transport?
Carrier proteins help move molecules across cell membranes against their concentration gradient using energy
What is a partially permeable membrane?
A membrane that allows only certain substances (e.g., water) to pass through
Why is active transport important?
It allows cells to absorb substances (like minerals in roots) even when their concentration is lower outside the cell than inside
What is the relationship between surface area and the rate of diffusion?
The larger the surface area, the faster the rate of diffusion
